Mediators of inflammation
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Mediators of inflammation · Jan 2018
Observational StudyNeutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Mean Platelet Volume-to-Platelet Count Ratio as Biomarkers in Critically Ill and Injured Patients: Which Ratio to Choose to Predict Outcome and Nature of Bacteremia?
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and mean platelet volume-to-platelet count (MPV/PC) ratio are readily available parameters that might have discriminative power regarding outcome. The aim of our study was to assess prognostic value of these biomarkers regarding outcome in critically ill patients with secondary sepsis and/or trauma. ⋯ NLR and MPV were very good independent predictors of lethal outcome. For the first time, we demonstrate that nature of bacteremia influences MPV/PC, MLR, and PLR. In heterogeneous cohort subgroup, analysis is essential.
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Mediators of inflammation · Jan 2018
ReviewMaresins: Specialized Proresolving Lipid Mediators and Their Potential Role in Inflammatory-Related Diseases.
Acute inflammatory responses are host-protective and normally self-limited; these responses can maintain cell homeostasis and promote defense against various infections and damage factors. However, when improperly managed or inappropriately activated, acute inflammation can lead to persistent and uncontrolled chronic inflammation, which is associated with many other chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease and metabolic disease. ⋯ A new family of anti-inflammatory and proresolving lipid mediators have recently been reported, known as maresins, which are biosynthesized from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by macrophages, have a conjugated double-bond system, and display strong anti-inflammatory and proresolving activity. Here, we review the biological actions, pathways, and mechanisms of maresins, which may play pivotal roles in the resolution of inflammation.
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Mediators of inflammation · Jan 2018
Inhibition of the mTOR Pathway Exerts Cardioprotective Effects Partly through Autophagy in CLP Rats.
Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction is a severe clinical problem. Recent studies have indicated that autophagy and myocardial energy depletion play a major role in myocardial dysfunction during sepsis, a mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) as a master sensor of energy status and autophagy mediator; however, there are little data describing its role during sepsis in the heart. ⋯ Inhibition of the mTOR pathway has cardioprotective effects on myocardial dysfunction during sepsis induced by CLP, which is partly mediated through autophagy.
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Mediators of inflammation · Jan 2018
Lactate as a Potential Biomarker of Sepsis in a Rat Cecal Ligation and Puncture Model.
We attempted to investigate whether blood lactate is a useful biomarker for sepsis in a rat cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent approximately 75% cecum ligation and two punctures to induce high-grade sepsis. A lactate of 1.64 mmol/L (Youden score of 0.722) was selected as the best cutoff value to predict the onset of sepsis after CLP exposure; 46 of 50 rats who survived 24 hours after the CLP were divided into the L group (lactate < 1.64 mmol/L) and M group (lactate ≥ 1.64 mmol/L). ⋯ Worsen PaO2/FiO2, microcirculations, and mean arterial pressure were observed in the M group. More severe damage in major organs was confirmed by histopathological scores in the M group compared with the L group. In conclusion, lactate ≥ 1.64 mmol/L might serve as a potential biomarker to identify the onset of sepsis in a rat CLP model.
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Mediators of inflammation · Jan 2018
Methylene Blue Attenuates Lung Injury Induced by Hindlimb Ischemia Reperfusion in Rats.
This study was aimed to investigate the protective effect of methylene blue against lung injury induced by reperfusion of ischemic hindlimb in a rat model. ⋯ Methylene blue attenuates lung injury induced by hindlimb IR in rats, at least in part, by inhibiting oxidative stress.