Neuroimaging clinics of North America
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Vision is one of our most vital senses, deriving from the eyes as well as structures deep within the intracranial compartment. MR imaging, through its wide selection of sequences, offers an array of structural and functional imaging tools to interrogate this intricate system. This review describes several advanced MR imaging sequences and explores their potential clinical applications as well as areas for further development.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Aug 2015
ReviewImaging of Orbital Trauma and Emergent Non-traumatic Conditions.
Diagnostic imaging has become critical in the care of patients suffering from traumatic or nontraumatic emergent orbital conditions. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) has become the standard imaging modality for assessing orbital trauma because of its accurate assessment of orbital skeletal and soft tissues injuries. ⋯ Conventional angiography is necessary in some vascular orbital complications and allows for endovascular treatment. This article discusses the spectrum of orbital pathology encountered in the imaging of orbital trauma and nontraumatic orbital emergencies.
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Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. · Aug 2015
ReviewImaging of Retrochiasmal and Higher Cortical Visual Disorders.
Retrochiasmal visual pathways include optic tracts, lateral geniculate nuclei, optic radiations, and striate cortex (V1). Homonymous hemianopsia and field defect variants with relatively normal visual acuity suggest that the lesions involve retrochiasmal pathways. From V1, visual input is projected to higher visual association areas that are responsible for perception of objects, faces, colors, and orientation. ⋯ Damage to the ventral stream results in visual object agnosia, prosopagnosia, and achromatopsia. Balint syndrome, visual inattention, and pure alexia are examples of dorsal stream disorders. Posterior cortical atrophy can involve ventral and dorsal streams, often preceding dementia.