International archives of allergy and immunology
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Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. · Jan 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialOmalizumab protects against allergen- induced bronchoconstriction in allergic (immunoglobulin E-mediated) asthma.
Omalizumab has been shown to suppress responses to inhaled allergens in allergic asthma patients with pretreatment immunoglobulin E (IgE) ≤700 IU/ml. To extend current dosing tables, we evaluated the potential of high omalizumab doses to block allergen-induced bronchoconstriction in patients with higher IgE levels. ⋯ Omalizumab blocked early asthmatic responses over a broad range of IgE/body weight combinations. Extending the dosing tables enables omalizumab to benefit a wider range of patients.
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Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. · Jan 2013
Usefulness and limitations of sequential serum tryptase for the diagnosis of anaphylaxis in 102 patients.
The diagnosis of anaphylaxis is based on clinical history since no reliable biological marker is currently available to confirm the diagnosis. ⋯ Tryptase is a biomarker related to the severity of anaphylaxis. However, since its concentration remains unaltered in a considerable number of patients during acute anaphylaxis, there is a need for more reliable diagnostic biological tests.
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Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. · Jan 2013
Clinical features and prognostic factors in severe cutaneous drug reactions.
Severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) include Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS). SJS and TEN (SJS/TEN) and DRESS are thought to be different diseases; however, they share some clinical and laboratory features. Although SCORTEN serves as an excellent prognostic marker for SJS/TEN, there is still a need for development of other prognostic markers for SCARs. ⋯ Clinical features of SCARs in a tertiary hospital in Korea were similar to those reported previously. SJS/TEN and DRESS shared some clinical and laboratory features. Thrombocytopenia for SJS/TEN and leukocytosis at presentation for DRESS may be useful prognostic markers for prolonged hospitalization.
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Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. · Jan 2013
Comparative StudyDifferences in systemic and skin migrating-specific CD4 T cells in papular urticaria by flea bite.
Papular urticaria by flea bite is a chronic allergic condition in which clinical improvement may occur at the age of 7 years, thus representing a natural model of acquired immunologic tolerance in humans. The aim of this study was to characterize regulatory cells and specific responses to flea antigens of CD4(+) T lymphocytes expressing cutaneous migration markers in patients with papular urticaria caused by flea bite and with different disease evolution times. ⋯ Analysis of the cellular immune response against whole flea antigen in patients with papular urticaria by flea bites suggests a possible participation of inflammatory cytokines in the skin reaction (Th17) and a systemic control mechanism (IL-10). This pattern of cytokine production in patients could be a consequence of an impaired dendritic cell population.
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Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. · Jan 2013
Interleukin-17 signalling in a murine model of mild chronic asthma.
The role of Th17 cell-derived cytokines in the pathogenesis of airway inflammation and remodelling in mild asthma remains unclear. We investigated this in a mouse model which reproduces most of the features of the human disease. ⋯ Although IL-17A and Th17 cells stimulate cytokine production by structural cells of the airways, and Th17 cells are induced in our model of mild chronic asthma, signalling via IL-17R did not contribute significantly to the development of airway inflammation and most changes of remodelling in this model. However, in mild asthma, IL-17A appears to have a role in the goblet cell response in the airways.