Journal of sleep research
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Journal of sleep research · Dec 2019
ReviewDefining short and long sleep duration for future paediatric research: A systematic literature review.
Short and long sleep patterns in children have been associated with a range of poor health outcomes. However, there is no consensus regarding the definitions of these abnormal sleep parameters in childhood for use in paediatric research. Given that there is a clear lack of definitions for sleep duration throughout paediatric sleep literature, this review aimed to establish recommendations for standard cut-offs of short and long sleep for children aged 1-16 years to enable homogeneity in future studies of paediatric sleep duration. ⋯ Across the age groups there was little consensus in applied cut-offs for short and long sleep duration. This study found the best compromise for short sleep was defined as the 2.5th centile (hours = 0.25*age + 11) and long sleep as the 97.5th centile (hours = 0.017*age2 - 0.68*age + 16) of sleep duration in children. Recommendations for the hourly cut-offs of short and long sleep duration based on these percentiles were described.
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Journal of sleep research · Dec 2019
Randomized Controlled TrialSubjective sleep quality as a mediator in the relationship between pain severity and sustained attention performance in patients with fibromyalgia.
Pain severity and sleep are associated with cognitive performance in patients with fibromyalgia. This study examined whether sleep mediates the relationships of pain severity with psychomotor vigilance and attention in patients with fibromyalgia by analysing 80 patients with fibromyalgia. Cognitive performance, pain severity and sleep parameters were determined using the Psychomotor Vigilance Task, Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form and sleep diaries of seven consecutive nights, respectively. ⋯ In conclusion, sleep quality mediates the pain severity-cognitive performance relationship: pain affects sleep quality, which in turn impairs sustained attention. Our findings provide further insight into the processes underlying the relationship between pain and poor cognitive function. Improved sleep quality may offset the detrimental effects of pain on sustained attention.
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Journal of sleep research · Dec 2019
Interaction effect of obstructive sleep apnea and periodic limb movements during sleep on heart rate variability.
We aimed at assessing cardiac autonomic function by heart rate variability during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and periodic limb movements during sleep, and to compare it with that of patients with obstructive sleep apnea only, periodic limb movements during sleep only, and controls. We also aimed at investigating the interaction effect between apnea-hypopnea index and periodic limb movement index on heart rate variability. Four groups of patients (n = 42 each, total = 168) were identified based on the presence/absence of obstructive sleep apnea and periodic limb movements during sleep: + obstructive sleep apnea/- periodic limb movements during sleep (5 ≤ apnea-hypopnea index < 30 events per hr), - obstructive sleep apnea/+ periodic limb movements during sleep (periodic limb movement index > 15 events per hr), + obstructive sleep apnea/+ periodic limb movements during sleep, - obstructive sleep apnea/- periodic limb movements during sleep (controls). ⋯ Patients with elevated apnea-hypopnea index and elevated periodic limb movement index exhibited higher sympathovagal balance compared with those with high apnea-hypopnea index and low periodic limb movement index, and compared with those with low apnea-hypopnea index (regardless of periodic limb movement index). Increased sympathetic activation and decreased parasympathetic control appear to be related to the severity of oxygen desaturation. Apnea-hypopnea index and periodic limb movement index had interactive effects on increased sympathovagal balance in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.