The American journal of the medical sciences
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Residual renal function (RRF) remains important even after beginning of dialysis. RRF contributes significantly to the overall health and well-being of patients on dialysis. ⋯ More importantly, the loss of RRF is a powerful predictor of mortality. This article will review the evidence supporting the importance of RRF on outcome and outline potential strategies that may better preserve RRF in patients on dialysis.
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Air trapping because of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) leads to a reduction in inspiratory capacity/total lung capacity (IC/TLC) ratio. We hypothesize that COPD patients with a low IC/TLC ratio suffer more frequent COPD exacerbations. ⋯ COPD patients in the low group experienced significantly more unscheduled office visits because of exacerbations, suggesting they need early identification and closely monitored therapy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
High prevalence and diversity of kidney dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease: the BARI 2D baseline data.
We describe baseline renal function and albumin excretion rate in patients enrolled in Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation 2 Diabetes, a randomized clinical trial comparing the impact of revascularization and medical therapy with medical therapy alone and deferred or no revascularization and the impact of glycemic control with either insulin-providing or insulin-sensitizing drugs, on 5-year mortality. ⋯ Kidney dysfunction is common in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease; Albuminuria was present in 33%. Reduced eGFR was present in 21%, and half the patients with reduced eGFR had no evidence of albuminuria.