The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. · Nov 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA comparative trial of a single-dose ivermectin versus three days of albendazole for treatment of Strongyloides stercoralis and other soil-transmitted helminth infections in children.
A randomized trial carried out in rural Zanzibar comparing a single dose of 200 micrograms/kg of ivermectin and 400 mg/day for three days of albendazole for treatment of strongyloidiasis and other intestinal nematodes is described. In 301 children with Strongyloides stercoralis infection, treatment with ivermectin or albendazole resulted in cure rates of 83% and 45%, respectively. ⋯ No severe side effects were recorded and mild side effects were of transient nature for both treatments. Therefore, ivermectin provides a safe and a highly effective single dose treatment for S. stercoralis and A. lumbricoides, while it is not an alternative for the treatment of T. trichiura and hookworm infections.
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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. · Nov 1996
Transfusion for respiratory distress in life-threatening childhood malaria.
We have prospectively collected information during resuscitation in 24 children with life-threatening malaria. All had clinical respiratory distress and 16 were severely anemic (hemoglobin < or = 5 g/dL) on admission. Central venous pressure (CVP) measurements were normal (< or = 5 cm of water) prior to treatment but all had a metabolic acidosis. ⋯ However, in three children, two of whom died, acidosis persisted despite resuscitation. Metabolic acidosis often accounts for respiratory distress in life-threatening childhood malaria. Severe anemia and hypovolemia appear to play major roles in its pathogenesis, are readily treatable, and there appears to be little risk of congestive cardiac failure even with an aggressive approach to fluid replacement.