European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society
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This paper presents a comparison of quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in osteoporosis with vertebral fracture and osteoporosis without fracture. It has been proved that the volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) measured by QCT exhibits a stronger correlation with fracture risk than areal bone mineral density (aBMD) measured by DXA. ⋯ Both vBMD detected by QCT and aBMD detected by DXA could discriminate fracture status in the spine, and vBMD performed a stronger correlation with fracture risk.
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Predicting urinary retention is difficult. The aim of this study is to prospectively validate a previously developed model using machine learning techniques. ⋯ This prospective study confirms performance of the prediction model for POUR developed with retrospective data, showing great correlation. This supports the use of machine learning techniques in the prediction of postoperative complications such as urinary retention.
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An osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF) is a common disease that causes disabilities in elderly patients. In particular, patients with nonunion following an OVF often experience severe back pain and require surgical intervention. However, nonunion diagnosis generally takes more than six months. Although several studies have advocated the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) observations as predictive factors, they exhibit insufficient accuracy. The purpose of this study was to create a predictive model for OVF nonunion using machine learning (ML). ⋯ ML-based algorithms might be more effective than conventional methods for nonunion prediction following OVFs.
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Adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS) is a 3D deformity that greatly affects the quality of life of patients and is closely related to the quality of paraspinal muscles (PSMs), but the specific degenerative characteristics have not been described. ⋯ There were significant differences in the MV and FI of PSM on both sides of the spine in ADS patients. It was determined that the PSM of ADS showed different degrees of degeneration in different levels of the lumbar spine and were positively correlated with Cobb angle.