Addiction
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Multicenter Study
Drug withdrawal, cocaine and sedative use disorders increase the need for mechanical ventilation in medical patients.
Alcohol use disorders increase the need for mechanical ventilation (MV) in critically ill medical, surgical and trauma patients. Studies examining other drug use disorders (DUD) in trauma patients have not demonstrated heightened rates of intensive care unit (ICU) complications. Patients with asthma and concurrent cocaine or heroin use disorders have an increased need for MV. The objective of this study is to determine if the presence of DUD and drug withdrawal syndromes are associated with increased need for MV in medical patients. ⋯ DUD are associated with increased need for MV in medical patients. This study demonstrates the importance of screening all medical patients for DUD.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of add-on gabapentin on opioid withdrawal symptoms in opium-dependent patients.
Evaluation of the efficacy of gabapentin in patients undergoing out-patient treatment for opiate withdrawal. ⋯ Dosage of 900 mg/day of gabapentin is not significantly superior to placebo in controlling opiate withdrawal symptoms.
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To assess the impact of the introduction of graphic health warning labels on cigarette packets on adolescents at different smoking uptake stages. ⋯ Graphic warning labels on cigarette packs are noticed by the majority of adolescents, increase adolescents' cognitive processing of these messages and have the potential to lower smoking intentions. Our findings suggest that the introduction of graphic warning labels may help to reduce smoking among adolescents.