Addiction
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Predicting treatment for neonatal abstinence syndrome in infants born to women maintained on opioid agonist medication.
To identify factors that predict the expression of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in infants exposed to methadone or buprenorphine in utero. ⋯ Maternal weight at delivery, estimated gestational age, infant birthweight, delivery type, maternal nicotine use and days of maternal study medication received and the use of psychotropic medications in pregnancy may play a role in the expression of neonatal abstinence syndrome severity in infants exposed to either methadone or buprenorphine.
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Review Meta Analysis
Evidence of HIV epidemics among non-injecting drug users in Iran: a systematic review.
In Iran, injecting drug users have been recognized as a high-risk group for HIV/AIDS for years. However, evidence of HIV epidemics in non-injecting drug users (non-IDUs) has also been found in recent years. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the prevalence of HIV in non-IDUs in Iran. ⋯ Iran is facing a major HIV epidemic among non-injecting illicit drug users, which necessitates an urgent preventive response.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Differences in the profile of neonatal abstinence syndrome signs in methadone- versus buprenorphine-exposed neonates.
To compare the profile of signs of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in methadone- versus buprenorphine-exposed infants. ⋯ The profile of neonatal abstinence syndrome differs in methadone- versus buprenorphine-exposed neonates, with significant differences in incidence, severity and treatment initiation time. Overall, methadone-exposed neonates have a more severe neonatal abstinence syndrome.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effect of hepatitis C virus status on liver enzymes in opioid-dependent pregnant women maintained on opioid-agonist medication.
To examine hepatic enzyme test results throughout the course of pregnancy in women maintained on methadone or buprenorphine. ⋯ Neither methadone nor buprenorphine appear to have adverse hepatic effects in the treatment of pregnant opioid-dependent women.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Neonatal neurobehavior effects following buprenorphine versus methadone exposure.
To determine the effects of in utero exposure to methadone or buprenorphine on infant neurobehavior. ⋯ While neurobehavior improves during the first month of postnatal life for in utero agonist medication-exposed neonates, buprenorphine exposure results in superior neurobehavioral scores and less severe withdrawal than does methadone exposure.