Addiction
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Cost-effectiveness of electronic- and clinician-delivered screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment for women in reproductive health centers.
To determine the cost-effectiveness of electronic- and clinician-delivered SBIRT (Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment) for reducing primary substance use among women treated in reproductive health centers. ⋯ e-SBIRT could be a cost-effective approach, from both health-care provider and patient perspectives, for use in reproductive health centers to help women reduce substance misuse.
-
Understanding whether and how far smokers' characteristics influence the effectiveness of treatment may be important for tailoring recommendations on cessation aids to those most likely to help the user achieve abstinence. This study aimed to estimate the effectiveness of commonly used smoking cessation aids and test whether their effectiveness differs according to cigarette addiction, socio-economic status, age or sex. ⋯ Use of e-cigarettes and varenicline are associated with higher abstinence rates following a quit attempt in England. Use of prescription of nicotine replacement therapy is also associated with higher abstinence rates, but only in older smokers, and use of websites only in smokers from lower socio-economic status.
-
Distribution of take-home naloxone (THN) to emergency department (ED) patients who have survived an opioid overdose (OD) could reduce future opioid mortality, but is not commonly performed. We examined whether electronic health record (EHR) prompts provided to ED physicians when discharging a patient after an OD could improve THN distribution. ⋯ Electronic health record prompts are associated with increased take-home naloxone distribution for emergency department patients discharged after opioid overdoses.