Revista chilena de infectología : órgano oficial de la Sociedad Chilena de Infectología
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Rev Chilena Infectol · Oct 2010
Review Case Reports[Cat scratch disease associated neuroretinitis: clinical report and review of the literature].
Cat scratch disease is the main clinical presentation of Bartonella henselae infection. However, ocular manifestations of bartonellosis occur in about 5 to 10% of the patients, mainly presenting as neuroretinitis, choroiditis or oculoglandular syndrome of Parinaud. We describe two patients with documented B. henselae infection and typical ocular compromise. Both patients were treated and had a favorable visual outcome.
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Rev Chilena Infectol · Aug 2010
[Prevention and control of vertical HIV transmission program in Cuba. January 1986-December 2007].
The HIV/AIDS epidemic continues to increase in spite of the strategies developed, including the use of HAART. One of the vulnerable populations is the child of HIV+ mothers. In Cuba, a prevention and control program of HIV infection was implemented in 1986 and one of the key aims was to reduce perinatal infection. ⋯ VT rate decreased from 50,0% to 14,6% after implementation of prophylactic caesarean section and to 2.2% in 99 women complying with the new adopted program including HAART antiviral therapy in pregnant woman, caesarean section, and AZT to the newborn. The effectiveness of combining a caesarean section and HAART was 95.2%. The prevention program for HIV/AIDS vertical transmission implemented in Cuba has been effective in reducing VT, similar to other worldwide reports.
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Rev Chilena Infectol · Apr 2010
Practice Guideline[23-valent pneumococcal vaccine. Statement of the Consultive Committee of Immunizations on behalf of the Chilean Infectious Diseases Society: February 2010].
The article summarizes the scientific evidence related with protection conferred by the 23 valent polysaccharide vaccine against invasive pneumococcal disease, non bacteraemic pneumococcal pneumonia, and probable pneumococcal pneumonia in the elderly. Eider patients with and without risk factors are considered. The impact of herd immunity conferred by vaccination of children with conjugated pneumococcal vaccine in reduction of pneumonia in adults is discussed. Based on this analysis, the Advisory Committee on Immunizations of the Chilean Infectious Disease Society makes recommendations on the most efficient vaccine strategy for reduction of pneumococcal pneumonia in the elderly.
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Rev Chilena Infectol · Feb 2010
[PIRO classification in pediatric severe sepsis and septic shock: a new model for staging and its potential usefulness in prognoses].
Sepsis is a dynamic process that involves complex interactions between the pathogenic micro-organisms and the host. The understanding of this heterogeneous disease has led to the development of a new system for stratification of septic patients: the PIRO system: Predisposition (P) -Insult/Infection (I) -Response (R) -Organ disfunction (O), a classification aimed to determine the risk of death in patients with sepsis. Only a few studies have validated this classification system in children. ⋯ The PIRO classification system identified factors associated with a fatal outcome in our population. The test is relatively simple to apply but cross-sectional studies are required to define variables associated with death that should then be prospectivelly validated.
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Rev Chilena Infectol · Dec 2009
Historical Article[The royal philanthropic expedition of the vaccine (Xavier de Balmis/Josep Salvany). 1803-1806].
Six years after Jenner discovered the anti-smallpox vaccine, King Charles IV mandated the initiation of vaccination campaigns throughout his kingdom. The overseas campaign was coordinated by the Valencian military doctor Xavier de Balmis with the aid of the Catalan Josep Salvany. The vaccine was transported to America "in vivo" in 22 children. ⋯ Salvany died in the Bolivian city of Cochabamba. The other sub expedition, leaded by Balmis himself, continued by sea to Cuba and Mexico. From Acapulco it arrived to Manila and from there to Macau followed by inland penetration into China.