The American surgeon
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The American surgeon · Apr 2011
Comparative StudyLidocaine patches reduce pain in trauma patients with rib fractures.
Rib fracture pain is notoriously difficult to manage. The lidocaine patch is effective in other pain scenarios with an excellent safety profile. This study assesses the efficacy of lidocaine patches for treating rib fracture pain. ⋯ There was no difference in time to return to baseline activity (LP 73, C 105 days, P = 0.16) and no adverse events. Lidocaine patches are a safe, effective adjunct for rib fracture pain. Lidocaine patches resulted in a sustained reduction in pain, outlasting the duration of therapy.
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The American surgeon · Apr 2011
Comparative StudyUltrasound detection of pneumothorax compared with chest X-ray and computed tomography scan.
Pneumothorax after trauma can be a life threatening injury and its care requires expeditious and accurate diagnosis and possible intervention. We performed a prospective, single blinded study with convenience sampling at a Level I trauma center comparing thoracic ultrasound with chest X-ray and CT scan in the detection of traumatic pneumothorax. Trauma patients that received a thoracic ultrasound, chest X-ray, and chest CT scan were included in the study. ⋯ The sensitivity of chest X-ray was found to be 31.8 per cent and again the specificity was found to be 100 per cent. The negative predictive value of thoracic ultrasound for pneumothorax was 0.934 and the negative predictive value for chest X-ray for pneumothorax was found to be 0.792. We advocate the use of chest ultrasound for detection of pneumothorax in trauma patients.
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The American surgeon · Apr 2011
Comparative StudyClosed midshaft femur fractures: are they only for trauma centers?
Trauma centers are limited resources, particularly in rural areas, and availability of emergency care in some parts of the United States may be inadequate. The declining number of orthopedic surgeons willing to care for injured patients has limited access to fracture repair in some communities. We studied the management of closed midshaft femur fractures in both trauma centers (TCs) and nontrauma centers (NTCs) to evaluate outcome for this common orthopedic injury and determine if these issues have affected fracture care in Kentucky. ⋯ There was no significant difference in the percentage of patients that received only a closed reduction. There was no significant difference in hospital mortality (0.3% vs 0.9%, TCs vs NTCs, P = 0.62). Although differences in patient populations exist between TCs and NTCs, both TCs and NTCs manage substantial numbers of patients with closed, midshaft femur fractures with low mortality in this state database.
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The American surgeon · Apr 2011
Cervical spinal cord injury associated with near-drowning does not increase pneumonia risk or mortality.
Body surfing accidents (BSA) can cause cervical spinal cord injuries (CSCIs) that are associated with near-drowning (ND). The submersion injury from a ND can result in aspiration and predispose to pulmonary complications. We predicted a worse outcome (particularly the development of pneumonia) in patients with CSCIs associated with ND. ⋯ Those patients with an associated ND had a shorter hospital stay (BSA, 5.7 days; BLT, 22.2 days; P = 0.007) and a better chance of being discharged home (BSA, 57%; BLT, 27%; P = 0.004). CSCIs after a BSA do better than their counterparts without an associated ND. CSCIs associated with ND appear to be isolated injuries with minimal pulmonary involvement despite submersion injuries.