Der Anaesthesist
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Numerous factors have been claimed to influence postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). A critical review of the literature reveals, that strong evidence based on original double-blind, randomized, controlled trials or their meta-analyses is only available for very few risk factors. For most other factors, although mentioned in narrative reviews, there is insufficient evidence. ⋯ No evidence due to lack of data applies to postoperative movement, hemodynamic stability, hypercarbia and acid-base-shifts. For adipositas++ there is not only a lack of evidence for an effect but evidence for a lack of effect based on several multivariate analyses. In conclusion, we have developed the following simplified view: PONV is mainly caused by opioids and volatile anaesthetics when applied to susceptible patients (females, non-smoker, positive history of previous sickness).
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
[Time course of neuromuscular blockade after rocuronium. A comparison between women and men].
We studied 40 patients (20 female and 20 male) undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia to evaluate the effect of gender on the pharmacodynamics of rocuronium. ⋯ Compared to men neuromuscular blockade after 0.45 mg/kg rocuronium was more pronounced in women. The onset time was shortened and the clinical duration increased in female patients.