Der Anaesthesist
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Comparative Study
[Orciprenaline (Alupent) in resuscitation for circulatory arrest? Experimental comparison between orciprenaline and adrenaline in dogs].
This study compares CPR with orciprenaline (8 dogs), with epinephrine (11 dogs) and without any drug (8 dogs) in cardiac arrest caused by anoxia. Resuscitation was successful in all animals of the epinephrine group and in 2 of the orciprenaline group. Spontaneous circulation could not be restored in any of the control animals. ⋯ The superiority of epinephrine was due to its having effected a significantly higher diastolic pressure during cardiac massage. The diastolic pressure decreased after orciprenaline injection to such an extent that coronary underperfusion resulted with consequent rise of serum CPK. We conclude that the use of orciprenaline is contraindicated in cardiac arrest.
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Biography Historical Article
[On the 200th birthday of Friedrich Wilhelm Adam Sertürner].
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The haemodynamic and respiratory-depressive effects of 20 micrograms/kg and 40 micrograms/kg of alfentanil in 54 patients with coronary bypass operation were compared with a control group (n = 36). The measurements were carried out at 3 different times, each lasting over a 10 min period: 1. Before induction of anaesthesia but after premedication with flunitrazepam. 2. ⋯ In the intraoperative period this did not occur. The respiratory depression(paO2: -34%, paCO2: +29%) resembles that after fentanyl, except that it starts earlier and lasts for a shorter time. In summary, it can be stated that all effects after alfentanil are similar to those of fentanyl.
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Oral morphine sulphate is the strong narcotic of choice at most hospices. Administered in simple aqueous solution (e.g. 10 mg in 10 ml). No advantage in giving as "Brompton Cocktail." Usual starting dose 10 mg every 4 h. ⋯ Write out regimen in detail with times to be taken, names of drugs and amounts to be taken. Warn patient of possibility of initial drowsiness. Arrange for close liaison and follow up.
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Biography Historical Article
[100 years of intubation anesthesia. William Macewen, a pioneer of endotracheal intubation].
Endotracheal anaesthesia with the help of orotracheal intubation is 100 years old. In 1880, William Macewen was the first to describe and to perform that technique. In his paper entitled "clinical observations on the introduction of tracheal tubes by the mouth instead of performing tracheotomy or laryngotomy' he describes in addition two cases of endotracheal intubation lasting at least 36 h. He can, therefore, be said also to have performed the first long-time intubation.