Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA
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Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc · Jan 1998
Case ReportsSurgical treatment of pectoralis major rupture in athletes.
Complete rupture of the pectoralis major muscle, first described by Patissier in 1822, is a rare sports injury. Less than 100 cases have been reported in the literature since 1822. In this study, we describe our surgical technique and summarize our results and experience of the surgical treatment of pectoralis major rupture. ⋯ During the follow-up examination, five patients had excellent and two had good results, and six athletes could return to sports activity at their preoperative level. Among our patients we emphasize that of a wrestler, who had suffered an acute rupture, and 3 months after the surgery he won an Olympic gold medal. According to the literature and our experience, we suggest that only surgical repair of the acute pectoralis major rupture will result in both complete recovery and restoration of the full strength of the muscle, essential for active athletes.
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Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc · Jan 1998
Ligament force and joint motion in the intact ankle: a cadaveric study.
The aims of this study were to measure the forces in the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) and calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) and the motion in the tibiotalar and subtalar joints during simulated weight-bearing in eight cadaver ankle specimens. An MTS test machine was used to apply compressive loads to specimens held in a specially designed testing apparatus in which the ankle position (dorsiflexion-plantarflexion and supination-pronation) could be varied in a controlled manner. The forces in the ATFL and CFL were measured with buckle transducers. ⋯ The largest increase in ATFL force was observed in supination and plantarflexion with a compressive load (76 +/- 23 N), whereas CFL tension mainly increased in supination and dorsiflexion with a compressive load (109 +/- 28 N). In conclusion, the results showed that the ATFL acted as a primary restraint in inversion, where injuries typically occur (combined plantarflexion, supination and internal rotation). Also, the subtalar joint was of primary importance for normal supination-pronation and internal-external rotation.