Gait & posture
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Sit-to-stand (STS) movement is an important transition movement for daily life. STS movement is typically seen in children aged 1 year and older. According to the motor development process, the ability of children in different age groups to perform STS movement would be different before they meet the mutuality. However, it is still unclear whether there are changes in the STS movement of growing children and adults. ⋯ Different strategies to achieve the STS task were found among children aged 4-12 years in terms of total movement time, joint angle, and joint moments. Adult-like kinematic and kinetic STS patterns were not seen in children up to 12 years old.
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Observational Study
Hip external rotation stiffness and midfoot passive mechanical resistance are associated with lower limb movement in the frontal and transverse planes during gait.
Hip external rotation stiffness, midfoot passive mechanical resistance and foot alignment may influence on ankle, knee and hip movement in the frontal and transverse planes during gait. ⋯ These findings demonstrated that individuals with reduced hip and midfoot stiffness have higher hip and knee internal rotation and higher ankle eversion during the stance phase of gait. On the other hand, individuals with increased midfoot torque and stiffness have higher knee external rotation. These relationships can be explained by the coupling between ankle movements in the frontal plane and knee and hip movements in the transverse plane. Finally, this study suggests that midfoot passive mechanical resistance and hip stiffness should be assessed in individuals presenting altered ankle, knee and hip movement during gait.