Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
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1) To describe elements of adult nontraumatic cardiac arrest protocols in those U.S. cities in which resuscitative efforts are being terminated in the out-of-hospital setting. 2) To determine the prevalence and methods of on-scene family grief counseling delivered in this setting. ⋯ Many U.S. urban EMS systems are terminating efforts for selected adult nontraumatic cardiac arrest patients, although few have written policies to address grief intervention for family members at the scene.
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To determine current practice and attitudes among emergency physicians (EPs) regarding the initiation and termination of CPR. ⋯ Most EPs attempt to resuscitate patients in cardiopulmonary arrest, regardless of futility, except in cases where a legal advance directive is available. Many EPs' decisions regarding resuscitation are based on concerns of litigation and criticism, rather than their professional judgment of medical benefit or futility. Compliance with patients' wishes regarding resuscitation is low unless a legal advance directive is present. Possible solutions to these problems may include standardized guidelines for the initiation and termination of CPR, tort reform, and additional public education regarding resuscitation and advance directives.
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Clinical Trial
Patient transfer from nursing home to emergency department: outcomes and policy implications.
To describe the process and outcomes of nursing home (NH) residents transferred to hospital EDs. ⋯ Although the majority of NH transfers in this population were appropriate, many patients were transferred without adequate documentation for the EP.
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To determine whether selective aortic arch perfusion (SAAP) using serial infusions of oxygenated perflubron emulsion combined with aortic epinephrine (AoE) administration is more effective than conventional therapy in treating cardiac arrest. ⋯ The combination of AoE with SAAP infusions of oxygenated perflubron emulsion was more effective than conventional resuscitation therapy. Pulsed diastolic SAAP is a promising method for performing SAAP.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Serial creatine kinase-MB results are a sensitive indicator of acute myocardial infarction in chest pain patients with nondiagnostic electrocardiograms: the second Emergency Medicine Cardiac Research Group Study.
To determine the test performance characteristics of serial creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) mass measurements for acute myocardial infarction (MI) in patients presenting to the ED with chest pain and nondiagnostic ECGs. ⋯ Serial CK-MB monoclonal antibody mass measurements in the ED can identify MI patients with initially nondiagnostic ECGs. CK-MB sensitivity significantly increases over 3 hours of observation of stable chest discomfort patients in the ED; it also increases as a function of the total interval from onset until enzyme measurement.