Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
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Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) accounts for 1.5 million emergency department (ED) patient visits in the United States each year. ⋯ No single characteristic adequately discriminates CAP from ILI, but a derived clinical algorithm may detect most radiographic confirmed CAP patients in the triage setting. Prospective assessment of this algorithm will be needed to determine its effects on the care of ED patients with suspected pneumonia.
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Uncontrolled hemorrhage remains a leading cause of traumatic death. Several topical adjunct agents have been shown to be effective in controlling hemorrhage, and two, chitosan wafer dressing (HemCon [HC]) and zeolite powder dressing (QuikClot [QC]), are being utilized regularly on the battlefield. However, recent literature reviews have concluded that no ideal topical agent exists. The authors compared a new chitosan granule dressing (CELOX [CX]) to HC, QC and standard dressing in a lethal hemorrhagic groin injury. ⋯ In this porcine model of uncontrolled hemorrhage, CX improved hemorrhage control and survival. CELOX is a viable alternative for the treatment of severe hemorrhage.
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Comparative Study
A cost-effectiveness analysis of propofol versus midazolam for procedural sedation in the emergency department.
To determine the incremental cost-effectiveness of using propofol versus midazolam for procedural sedation (PS) in adults in the emergency department (ED). ⋯ These results indicate that using propofol for PS in the ED is a cost-saving strategy.
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Comparative Study
Differences in long-term mortality for different emergency department presenting complaints.
To characterize long-term mortality based on previous emergency department (ED) presenting complaints. ⋯ Long-term age- and gender-adjusted mortality is the highest with seizures out of 33 presenting complaints and differs markedly between different ED admission complaints. Furthermore, depending on the admission complaint, long-term mortality differs within the same discharge diagnosis. Hence, the presenting complaint adds unique information to the discharge diagnosis regarding long-term mortality in nonsurgical patients.
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Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder among adolescents and is more prevalent among those seeking care in the emergency department (ED). However, adolescents are rarely screened for depressive symptoms in the pediatric emergency department (PED). ⋯ The two-question screen is a sensitive and specific initial screen for depressive symptoms in adolescents being seen in the PED. This quick, simple instrument would be ideal for use in the busy PED setting and would allow clinicians to identify adolescents who require more extensive psychiatric evaluation.