International journal of behavioral medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Two psychological interventions are effective in severely disabled, chronic back pain patients: a randomised controlled trial.
Many pain patients appreciate biofeedback interventions because of the integration of psychological and physiological aspects. Therefore we wanted to investigate in a sample of chronic back pain patients whether biofeedback ingredients lead to improved outcome of psychological interventions. ⋯ In conclusion, biofeedback ingredients did not lead to improved outcome of a psychological intervention. Cognitive-behavioural treatment as a "package" of respondent, operant and cognitive interventions was effective for ameliorating pain-related symptoms for chronic back pain patients treated in an outpatient setting. The high treatment acceptability associated with biofeedback ingredients can also be achieved with pure psychological interventions.
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The Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale (PASS-20) consists of 20 items designed to assess four aspects of pain-related anxiety: cognitive anxiety, escape-avoidance behaviors, fear of pain, and physiological symptoms of anxiety. Although the PASS-20 is a well-established measure of pain-related anxiety in Western samples, different cultures may yield a different factor structure or different associations with pain-related outcome variables. ⋯ The findings provide preliminary support for the reliability and validity of the KPASS-20.