Archives de pédiatrie : organe officiel de la Sociéte française de pédiatrie
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Hyaline membrane disease (HMD) of premature newborn can lead to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). We report the observation of a 33 weeks premature newborn with HMD, treated with exogenous surfactant and mechanical ventilation. The patient developed respiratory distress with oxygen dependency initially related to BPD. ⋯ Association between BPD and CMV-pneumonia has been previously reported but the causal relationship is controversial. In premature newborn, CMV-pneumonia can appear clinically and radiologically like a BPD. When evolution is atypical, with persistence of respiratory distress despite BPD treatment, CMV-pneumonia must be considered as a specific antiviral therapy may be discussed.