Archives de pédiatrie : organe officiel de la Sociéte française de pédiatrie
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Multicenter Study
[Very preterm birth: is maternal anesthesia a risk factor for neonatal intubation in the delivery room?].
To assess the risk of tracheal intubation at birth in very premature neonates related to the type of maternal anesthesia in case of elective cesarean. ⋯ Very preterm neonates delivered after cesarean with general anesthesia require tracheal intubation in the delivery room more often than those delivered with spinal anesthesia. This study cannot assess a causal link between anesthesia and the need for neonatal intubation. However, neonatologists have to be aware of the type of maternal anesthesia because it may interfere with the non-invasive ventilation support policy of the very preterm neonate.
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There are few data examining the vaccine practices for 0- to 24-month-old premature infants born before 33 GW. The aim of the study was to examine the vaccine coverage in this population according to the French schedule at 6 and 24 months. ⋯ The vaccine practices do not follow the postnatal chronological age of the premature baby according to the schedule recommended for full-term infants and vaccination is begun late. Based on the CSHPF vaccination recommendations, nearly 7 premature infants out of 10 have an incomplete immunization status for DTPCoqHib, hepatitis B, and ROR at 2 years of age. According to the pertussis coverage observed in premature infants, the new recommendations on vaccination of the newborn's care giver and family should be completed before the infant's discharge from the hospital using a new acellular vaccine for adult immunization. The initiation of an immunization program during hospitalization would be beneficial for premature babies still hospitalized after 2 months of age.
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In the past few years, survival has increased for people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Diabetes is an important complication of CF caused by pancreatic insufficiency, which reduces insulin secretion. Because of increased longevity of patients with CF, the prevalence of CF-related diabetes (CFRD) has increased. CFRD is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Several studies have reported a decline in nutritional and pulmonary status 2-4 years before the diagnosis of CFRD. The introduction of insulin treatment can produce clinical improvement in weight and lung function. The oral glucose tolerance test is currently the reference method in screening for CFRD, but the current definition of diabetes based on the 2-h post-load plasma glucose level may not be the most accurate method for early detection of glucose tolerance abnormalities in CF. The continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) has been described as a useful tool for early detection of hyperglycemia in the CF patient. We tested the CGMS in CF patients with unexplained alteration of their general status. The aim of this study was to assess the value of the CGMS in this population. ⋯ CGMS revealed more glucose metabolism abnormalities than OGTT in patients with unexplained altered general status.