Archives de pédiatrie : organe officiel de la Sociéte française de pédiatrie
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Subcutaneous emphysema develops from the spread of air essentially from the mediastinum into the subcutaneous tissue causing progressive distension and infiltration. Diagnostic and therapeutic delay expose the patient to massive air effusion and risk of compression of cervical and mediastinal structures. The initial mechanism is a breach in the tracheobronchial tree with air diffusion into the interstitial space and along the perivascular spaces toward the mediastinum, and then spread and dissection in the subcutaneous tissue. ⋯ An association with a combination of epidural emphysema, pneumopericardium, or pneumoretroperitoneum is exceptional. Here, we present a unique case associating massive subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium, pneumorrhachis, and pneumoretroperitoneum in a 3.5-year-old child complicating an unrecognized aspirated foreign body. The extraction of the foreign body resulted in gradual regression of the symptoms and the disappearance of these emphysematous locations.
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Review Case Reports
[Pediatric post-traumatic limb pseudoaneurysm: Case report and literature review].
Pediatric post-traumatic pseudoaneurysms are a rare complication of arterial limb injuries. Management modalities in children are poorly defined. We report on a case of post-traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the right anterior tibial artery after minimal penetrating trauma, treated with surgery. ⋯ Management of pediatric post-traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the limbs is surgical. Currently however, new alternatives exist: endovascular techniques, ultrasound-guided compression, and embolization by thrombin injection.
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In recent years, in children's hospitals, clowns are involved in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs), at the bedside of the most severely ill children. This study is the first that addresses the work of professional clowns in the PICU. Its aim is to describe this practice in French hospitals. ⋯ Despite the severity of the situations met in the PICU, the instability of patients and the technical environment, clowning in PICUs appears to be a common and worthwhile practice in most French pediatric hospitals.
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Case Reports
Ecthyma gangrenosum: A manifestation of community-acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa septicemia in three infants.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis usually carries a high mortality rate in immunocompromised children. Ecthyma gangrenosum is a known cutaneous manifestation due mainly to Pseudomonas infection with or without septicemia. We describe clinical, biological, and therapeutic data. ⋯ P. aeruginosa sepsis should be treated as early as possible. Recognition of ecthyma gangrenosum allows early diagnosis and prescription of adequate antibiotic therapy without awaiting blood culture reports.
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Approximately 40 cases of acute idiopathic velopharyngeal reversible paralysis in the pediatric population have been reported in the literature. ⋯ Similar cases in the literature describe the occurrence of nasal regurgitation and rhinolalia, sometimes associated with other cranial nerve impairment. The pathogenesis is rarely highlighted and the imaging results are always normal. Ad integrum recovery with or without corticosteroids is the rule. In light of this literature review, it is possible to conclude that the occurrence of such a suggestive clinical picture should limit the often costly and unnecessary additional tests.