Human pathology
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Nine cases of testicular vasculitis were identified from the surgical pathology and autopsy files of the Johns Hopkins Hospital. In three cases this was the initial manifestation of polyarteritis nodosa. Two of these men presented with recurrent testicular pain and fever, with orchiectomy samples showing focal infarcts and necrotizing vasculitis. ⋯ Polyarteritis nodosa is the most common cause of necrotizing vasculitis of the testes, and pathologists should recognize the rare testicular presentation of this disease. However, testicular vasculitis also may be seen with other systemic diseases associated with vasculitis. Three of our cases were seen without systemic vasculitis, suggesting that testicular vasculitis may occur as an isolated finding without being a manifestation of systemic disease.