Shock : molecular, cellular, and systemic pathobiological aspects and therapeutic approaches : the official journal the Shock Society, the European Shock Society, the Brazilian Shock Society, the International Federation of Shock Societies
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Background: Aberrant expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs) has been revealed to have crucial roles in the pathological processes of cardiovascular disease. Here, this study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of circ_0001379 in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced cardiomyocyte injury to explore the potential action of circ_0001379 in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: Levels of genes and proteins were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. ⋯ Further rescue experiments showed that inhibition of miR-98-5p reversed the protective effects of circ_0001379 silencing on H/R-induced cardiomyocytes. Besides that, miR-98-5p overexpression abolished H/R-evoked cardiomyocyte apoptosis and inflammatory response, while this condition was abated by SOX6. Conclusion: Circ_0001379 silencing protects cardiomyocytes from H/R-induced apoptosis and inflammatory response by miR-98-5p/SOX6 axis, suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy for AMI prevention.
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The depletion of peripheral blood B cells is associated with immunosuppression and poor prognosis during sepsis, and selective depletion occurs when B cell subsets are specifically targeted. In this study, we examined the mechanisms underlying the selective depletion of B cell subsets in the immunosuppressive phase of septic shock patients. Thirty-two septic shock patients were recruited as a septic shock group and 10 healthy volunteers as a control group. ⋯ Activated caspase-1 levels in IM B cells were higher compared with activated caspase-3 in septic shock patients, whereas the levels of activated caspase-1 in AM B cells were lower compared with activated caspase-3. Moreover, in vitro experiments showed that Z-DEVD-FMK and VX-765 could alleviate the depletion of IM, AM, and RM B cells. The selective reduction of circulating B cell subsets in septic shock patients could be attributed to intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis as well as pyroptosis.
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Background: Approximately 50% of patients with sepsis develop acute kidney injury (AKI), which is predictive of poor outcomes, with mortality rates of up to 70%. The endothelium is a major target for treatments aimed at preventing the complications of sepsis. We hypothesized that human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) could attenuate tubular and endothelial injury in a porcine model of sepsis-induced AKI. ⋯ Expression of P-selectin, thrombomodulin, and vascular endothelial growth factor was significantly lower in the sepsis+MSC group than in the sepsis group, whereas that of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) was lower in the former. Conclusion: Treatment with hUC-MSCs seems to protect endothelial and tubular cells in sepsis-induced AKI, possibly via the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Therefore, it might be an effective treatment for sepsis-induced AKI.
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Background: Pneumonia is a frequent complication after polytrauma. This study aims to evaluate the ability of different serum markers to identify patients at risk of developing pneumonia after polytrauma. Methods: A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data in polytraumatized patients with concomitant thoracic trauma (Injury Severity Score ≥16, Abbreviated Injury Scale Thorax ≥ 3) was performed. ⋯ No statistically significant difference could be observed for serum levels of CYFRA 21-1, Ang-2, PTX-3, sRAGE, IL-6, and IL-10 between the groups (pneumonia vs. no pneumonia) on all days. Logistic regression revealed a combination of IL-6, IL-10, sRAGE, and PTX-3 to be eventually helpful to identify patients at risk of developing pneumonia and our newly developed score was significantly higher on day 0 in patients developing pneumonia ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: The investigated serum markers alone are not helpful to identify polytraumatized patients at risk of developing pneumonia, while a combination of IL-6, IL-10, PTX-3, and sRAGE might be.
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Background: Resuscitative balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is an endovascular hemostasis method used for the management of traumatic abdominal and pelvic hemorrhages. However, REBOA-associated ischemia-reperfusion injury complication limits its blocking time. We hypothesized that mild therapeutic hypothermia would relieve ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by prolonged zone 1 REBOA. ⋯ In the hypothermia group, prothrombin time at 120 and 180 min was significantly longer than that at baseline (all P < 0.05). Compared with the control, animals in the hypothermia group showed slighter pathological injury of the distal organs and significantly lower overall injury score (all P < 0.05). Conclusions: Mild therapeutic hypothermia during prolonged zone 1 REBOA offered extraordinary distal organ preservation and decreased metabolic acidosis.