Shock : molecular, cellular, and systemic pathobiological aspects and therapeutic approaches : the official journal the Shock Society, the European Shock Society, the Brazilian Shock Society, the International Federation of Shock Societies
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Diaphragm dysfunction often occurs in patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV) after resuscitation. Mild hypothermia (MHT) is a classical treatment to improve the outcomes of cardiac arrest (CA); however, the effect of MHT on diaphragm function remains unclear. In the present study, we aim to investigate the effect of MHT on diaphragmatic microcirculation and function using a murine cardiopulmonary resuscitation model. ⋯ MHT preserves the diaphragm contractility and fiber dimensions and decreases oxidative stress but does not improve the microcirculatory blood supply during prolonged MV after resuscitation. Early MHT intervention is more efficient in preventing diaphragm dysfunction than delayed intervention after CA.
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Following global ischemia reperfusion injury triggered by cardiac arrest (CA) and resuscitation, the ensuing cardiac and cerebral damage would result in high mortality and morbidity. Recently, resolvin D1 has been proven to have a protective effect on regional cardiac and cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. In this study, we investigated the effects of resolvin D1 on cardiac and cerebral outcomes after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in a porcine model. ⋯ In addition, myocardial, cerebral inflammation, and oxidative stress were significantly milder in the two resolvin D1-treated groups. Especially, HRD produced significantly greater post-resuscitation cardiac and cerebral protection compared with the LRD group. In conclusion, resolvin D1 significantly improved post-resuscitation cardiac and cerebral outcomes in a porcine model of CA, in which the protective effects may be in a dose-dependent manner.
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Surfactant protein B (SP-B) is essential for life and plays critical roles in host defense and lowering alveolar surface tension. A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP rs1130866) of human SP-B (hSP-B) alters the N-linked glycosylation, thus presumably affecting SP-B function. This study has investigated the regulatory roles of hSP-B genetic variants on lung injury in pneumonia-induced sepsis. ⋯ hSP-B variants differentially regulate susceptibility through modulating the surface activity of surfactant, cell death, and inflammatory signaling in sepsis.
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The cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) region of the hippocampus is specifically vulnerable to global ischemia. We hypothesized that histopathological outcome in a ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest (VFCA) rat model depends on the time point of the examination. ⋯ The amount and type of brain lesions present after global ischemia depend on the survival time. A consistent reduction in pyramidal cells in the CA1 region was present in all animals 14 days after VFCA, but in two-thirds of animals a repopulation of pyramidal cells seems to have taken place after 140 days.
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This study aimed to assess the severity of acute lung injury after mild or severe hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation, and to examine the therapeutic effects of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) on lung injury. ⋯ Total blood volume loss of 40% results in acute lung injury, whereas loss of 20% does not. Treatment with SAHA alleviates lung injury induced by severe hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation and the underlying mechanism involves a reversal of decreased histone acetylation and inhibition of the NF-κB pathway.