American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2014
Meta AnalysisAir Pollution and Non-Malignant Respiratory Mortality in 16 Cohorts within the ESCAPE Project.
Prospective cohort studies have shown that chronic exposure to particulate matter and traffic-related air pollution is associated with reduced survival. However, the effects on nonmalignant respiratory mortality are less studied, and the data reported are less consistent. ⋯ In this study of 16 cohorts, there was no association between air pollution exposure and nonmalignant respiratory mortality.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2014
Comparative Study Observational StudyRapidly Reversible, Sedation-related Delirium versus Persistent Delirium in the ICU.
Intensive care unit (ICU) delirium is associated with ventilator, ICU, and hospital days; discharge functional status; and mortality. Whether rapidly reversible, sedation-related delirium (delirium that abates shortly after sedative interruption) occurs with the same frequency and portends the same prognosis as persistent delirium (delirium that persists despite a short period of sedative interruption) is unknown. ⋯ Rapidly reversible, sedation-related delirium does not signify the same poor prognosis as persistent delirium. Degree of sedation should be considered in delirium assessments. Coordinating delirium assessments with daily sedative interruption will improve such assessments' ability to prognosticate ICU delirium outcomes. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 00919698).
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Real-time endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is an established technique for invasive mediastinal staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Needle-based techniques are now recommended as a first-line diagnostic modality for mediastinal staging. Accurate performance of systematic staging with EBUS-TBNA requires a detailed knowledge of mediastinal anatomy. ⋯ Obtaining sufficient tissue for molecular profiling may require performing more than three passes. The operating characteristics of EBUS-TBNA are similar to mediastinoscopy. However, mediastinoscopy should be considered in the setting of a negative EBUS-TBNA and a high posterior probability of N2 or N3 involvement.