American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jan 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyA Non-Steroidal Glucocorticoid Receptor Agonist Inhibits Allergen-Induced Late Asthmatic Responses.
Effective antiinflammatory therapies are needed for the treatment of asthma, but preferably without the systemic adverse effects of glucocorticosteroids. ⋯ Seven-day treatment with inhalation of the nonsteroidal glucocorticoid receptor agonist AZD5423 effectively reduced allergen-induced responses in subjects with mild allergic asthma. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01225549).
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jan 2015
Active and Passive Smoking and the Incidence of Asthma in the Black Women's Health Study.
Evidence linking active or passive smoking to the incidence of adult-onset asthma is inconsistent with both positive and inverse associations being reported. Most previous studies of active smoking have not accounted for passive smoke exposure, which may have introduced bias. ⋯ In this large population with 16 years of follow-up, active smoking increased the incidence of adult-onset asthma, and passive smoke exposure increased the risk among nonsmokers. Continued efforts to reduce exposure to tobacco smoke may have a beneficial effect on the incidence of adult-onset asthma.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jan 2015
ReviewNovel Approaches Are Needed to Develop Tomorrow's Antibacterial Therapies.
Society faces a crisis of rising antibiotic resistance even as the pipeline of new antibiotics has been drying up. Antibiotics are a public trust; every individual's use of antibiotics affects their efficacy for everyone else. As such, responses to the antibiotic crisis must take a societal perspective. ⋯ Finally, regulatory reform is needed so that clinical development programs are feasible, rigorous, and clinically relevant. Pulmonary and critical care specialists can have tremendous impact on the continued availability of effective antibiotics. Encouraging use of molecular diagnostic tests to allow pathogen-targeted, narrow-spectrum antibiotic therapy, using short rather than unnecessarily long course therapy, reducing inappropriate antibiotic use for probable viral infections, and reducing infection rates will help preserve the antibiotics we have for future generations.