American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Feb 2017
ARDS Subphenotypes Respond Differently to Randomized Fluid Management Strategy.
We previously identified two acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) subphenotypes in two separate randomized controlled trials with differential response to positive end-expiratory pressure. ⋯ This analysis confirms the presence of two ARDS subphenotypes that can be accurately identified with a limited number of variables and that responded differently to randomly assigned fluid management. These findings support the presence of ARDS subtypes that may require different treatment approaches.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Feb 2017
Mitigation of Ventilator-Induced Diaphragm Atrophy by Transvenous Phrenic Nerve Stimulation.
Ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction is a significant contributor to weaning difficulty in ventilated critically ill patients. It has been hypothesized that electrically pacing the diaphragm during mechanical ventilation could reduce diaphragm dysfunction. ⋯ These results suggest that early transvenous phrenic nerve pacing may mitigate ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Feb 2017
SP110b Controls Host Immunity and Susceptibility to Tuberculosis.
How host genetic factors affect Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection outcomes remains largely unknown. SP110b, an IFN-induced nuclear protein, is the nearest human homologue to the mouse Ipr1 protein that has been shown to control host innate immunity to Mtb infection. However, the function(s) of SP110b remains unclear. ⋯ These results indicate that SP110b plays a crucial role in shaping the inflammatory milieu that supports host protection during infection by fine-tuning NF-κB activity, suggesting that SP110b may serve as a potential target for host-directed therapy aimed at manipulating host immunity against TB.