American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · May 2017
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyBalanced Crystalloids versus Saline in the Intensive Care Unit: The SALT Randomized Trial.
Saline is the intravenous fluid most commonly administered to critically ill adults, but it may be associated with acute kidney injury and death. Whether use of balanced crystalloids rather than saline affects patient outcomes remains unknown. ⋯ An electronic health record-embedded, cluster-randomized, multiple-crossover trial comparing saline with balanced crystalloids can produce well-balanced study groups and separation in crystalloid receipt. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 02345486).
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · May 2017
Multicenter StudyA Severe Asthma Disease Signature from Gene Expression Profiling of Peripheral Blood from U-BIOPRED Cohorts.
Stratification of asthma at the molecular level, especially using accessible biospecimens, could greatly enable patient selection for targeted therapy. ⋯ Blood gene expression differences between clinically defined subgroups of patients with asthma and individuals without asthma, as well as subgroups of patients with severe asthma defined by transcript profiles, show the value of blood analysis in stratifying patients with asthma and identifying molecular pathways for further study. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01982162).
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · May 2017
Observational StudyObjective Assessment of Adherence to Inhalers by COPD Patients.
Objective adherence to inhaled therapy by patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has not been reported. ⋯ These data may inform clinicians in understanding why a prescribed inhaler is not effective and to devise strategies to promote adherence in COPD.
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · May 2017
A Missense Genetic Variant in LRRC16A/CARMIL1 Improves ARDS Survival by Attenuating Platelet Count Decline.
Platelets are believed to contribute to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) pathogenesis through inflammatory coagulation pathways. We recently reported that leucine-rich repeat-containing 16A (LRRC16A) modulates baseline platelet counts to mediate ARDS risk. ⋯ LRRC16A appears to mediate ∆PLT after ICU admission to affect the prognosis in patients with ARDS.
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · May 2017
Genome-wide Interaction Analysis of Air Pollution Exposure and Childhood Asthma with Functional Follow-up.
The evidence supporting an association between traffic-related air pollution exposure and incident childhood asthma is inconsistent and may depend on genetic factors. ⋯ Our results indicated that gene-environment interactions are important for asthma development and provided supportive evidence for interaction with air pollution for ADCY2, B4GALT5, and DLG2.