American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · May 2017
Favorable Neurocognitive Outcome with Low Tidal Volume Ventilation After Cardiac Arrest.
Neurocognitive outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is often poor, even when initial resuscitation succeeds. Lower tidal volumes (Vts) attenuate extrapulmonary organ injury in other disease states and are neuroprotective in preclinical models of critical illness. ⋯ Lower Vt after OHCA is independently associated with favorable neurocognitive outcome, more ventilator-free days, and more shock-free days. These findings suggest a role for low-Vt ventilation after cardiac arrest.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · May 2017
Effects of Childhood Asthma on the Development of Obesity among School-aged Children.
Asthma and obesity often occur together in children. It is unknown whether asthma contributes to the childhood obesity epidemic. ⋯ Children with asthma may be at higher risk of obesity. Asthma rescue medication use appeared to reduce obesity risk independent of physical activity.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · May 2017
Female Smokers are at Greater Risk of Airflow Obstruction than Male Smokers: UK Biobank.
The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increasing faster among women than among men. ⋯ Exposed to the same dose of smoking, women showed a higher risk of airflow obstruction than men. This could partly explain the increasingly smaller sex difference in the prevalence of COPD, especially in countries where smoking patterns have become similar between women and men.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · May 2017
Association Between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Lung Health from Young Adulthood to Middle Age.
Beyond the risks of smoking, there are limited data on factors associated with change in lung function over time. ⋯ Greater cardiopulmonary fitness in young adulthood, less decline in fitness from young adulthood to middle age, and achieving increased fitness from young adulthood to middle age are associated with less decline in lung health over time. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 00005130).