American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jul 2017
Anti-histone Properties of C1 Esterase Inhibitor Protect Against Lung Injury.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome is characterized by alveolar epithelial cell injury, edema formation, and intraalveolar contact phase activation. ⋯ Collectively, C1INH administration provides a new therapeutic option for disorders associated with histone release.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jul 2017
Extreme Trait Whole Genome Sequencing Identifies PTPRO as a Novel Candidate Gene in Emphysema with Severe Airflow Obstruction.
Genetic association studies in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have primarily tested for association with common variants, the results of which explain only a portion of disease heritability. Because rare variation is also likely to contribute to susceptibility, we used whole-genome sequencing of subjects with clinically extreme phenotypes to identify genomic regions enriched for rare variation contributing to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease susceptibility. ⋯ PTPRO is a novel candidate gene in emphysema with severe airflow obstruction, and rs61754411 is a previously unreported rare variant contributing to emphysema susceptibility. Other suggestive candidate genes, such as ZNF816, are of interest for future studies.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jul 2017
Comorbidities and Subgroups of Patients Surviving Severe Acute Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure in the ICU.
No methodical assessment of the lung, cardiac, and sleep function of patients surviving an acute hypercapnic respiratory failure episode requiring admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) has been reported in the literature. ⋯ Severe hypercapnic respiratory failure requiring ICU admission resulted primarily from COPD or obesity. Major comorbidities are highly prevalent in both cases and most often ignored. Surviving acute hypercapnic respiratory failure should be an opportunity to systematically evaluate lung, heart, and sleep functions to improve poor outcomes. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 02111876).
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jul 2017
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Prognostic Evaluation of Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.
Prognostication is important when counseling patients and defining treatment strategies in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). ⋯ MRI measurements reflecting right ventricular structure and stiffness of the proximal pulmonary vasculature are independent predictors of outcome in PAH. In combination with clinical data MRI has moderate prognostic accuracy in the evaluation of patients with PAH.