American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Oct 2018
Reduced Nasal Viral Load and IFN Responses in Infants with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis and Respiratory Failure.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infancy. Severe disease is believed to result from uncontrolled viral replication, an excessive immune response, or both. ⋯ Infants with severe RSV bronchiolitis have lower nasal viral load, CXCL10 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10)/IP-10, and type-I IFN levels than moderately ill children, but enhanced MUC5AC (mucin-5AC) and IL17A gene expression in nasal cells.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Oct 2018
Unintended Consequences: Fluid Resuscitation Worsens Shock in an Ovine Model of Endotoxemia.
Fluid resuscitation is widely considered a life-saving intervention in septic shock; however, recent evidence has brought both its safety and efficacy in sepsis into question. ⋯ Fluid resuscitation resulted in a paradoxical increase in vasopressor requirement. Additionally, it did not result in improvements in any of the measured microcirculatory- or organ-specific markers measured. The increase in vasopressor requirement may have been due to endothelial/glycocalyx damage secondary to atrial natriuretic peptide-mediated glycocalyx shedding.