American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Nov 2021
Multiomics Analysis Reveals Distinct Immunogenomic Features of Lung Cancer with Ground-Glass Opacity.
Rationale: Ground-glass opacity (GGO)-associated lung cancers are common and radiologically distinct clinical entities known to have an indolent clinical course and superior survival, implying a unique underlying biology. However, the molecular and immune characteristics of GGO-associated lung nodules have not been systemically studied. Objectives: To provide mechanistic insights for the treatment of these radiologically distinct clinical entities. ⋯ Circulating tumor DNA analysis suggested that the release of tumor DNA to the peripheral blood was correlated with the tumor size of non-GGO components. Conclusions: Compared with lung cancers presenting with solid lung nodules, GGO-associated lung cancers are characterized by a less active metabolism and a less active immune microenvironment, which may be the mechanisms underlying their indolent clinical course. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03320044).
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Nov 2021
Clinical TrialEffects of Inhaled Corticosteroid/long-acting beta-2 Agonist Combination on the Airway Microbiome of Patients with COPD: A Randomized Controlled Trial (DISARM).
Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are commonly prescribed with long-acting β2-agonists (LABA) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To date, the effects of ICS therapy on the airway microbiome in COPD are unknown. Objectives: To determine the effects of ICS/LABA on the airway microbiome of patients with COPD. ⋯ Conclusions: Fluticasone-based ICS/LABA therapy modifies the airway microbiome in COPD, leading to a relative reduction in α-diversity and a greater number of bacterial taxa changes. These data may have implications in patients who develop pneumonia on ICS. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02833480).