Medicina
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At present, there are common recommendations for treatment for stage II-III resectable rectal cancer patients: preoperative conventional chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with delayed surgery in 6-8 weeks or preoperative short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) followed by immediate surgery. The aim of this study was to compare overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in two treatment groups: preoperative SCRT and CRT both with delayed surgery plus adjuvant chemotherapy in CRT arm. ⋯ The 5-year DFS and OS were significantly better in the CRT than the SCRT group. For ITT population, OS was also significantly better after CRT versus SCRT.