Medicina
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Review
Philadelphia-Negative MPN: A Molecular Journey, from Hematopoietic Stem Cell to Clinical Features.
Philadelphia negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN) are a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic stem cell diseases. MPNs show different risk grades of thrombotic complications and acute myeloid leukemia evolution. ⋯ Here, we intend to elucidate the important factors affecting MPN clonal advantage and the reasons why some patients progress to more aggressive disease. Understanding these mechanisms is the key to developing new treatment approaches and targeted therapies for MPN patients.
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The response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy is an important prognostic factor for locally advanced rectal cancer. Although the majority of the patients after neoadjuvant therapy are referred to following surgery, the clinical data show that complete clinical or pathological response is found in a significant proportion of the patients. Diagnostic accuracy of confirming the complete response has a crucial role in further management of a rectal cancer patient. ⋯ The management of complete response demands interdisciplinary collaboration including oncologists, radiotherapists, radiologists, pathologists, endoscopists and surgeons, because the absence of a multidisciplinary approach may compromise the oncological outcome. Prediction and improvement of rectal cancer response to neoadjuvant therapy is still an active and challenging field of further research. This literature review is summarizing the main, currently known clinical information about the complete response that could be useful in case if encountering such condition in rectal cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy, using as a source PubMed publications from 2010-2021 matching the search terms "rectal cancer", "neoadjuvant therapy" and "response".
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Background and Objectives: In Poland, the rates of morbidity and mortality due to cervical cancer are amongst the highest in Europe. A significant percentage of newly diagnosed cases of cervical cancer are at an advanced stage. Unfortunately, only about 20% of Polish women take part in cervical cancer screening. ⋯ Conclusions: The Polish students had some knowledge of cervical cancer risk factors and primary and secondary prevention. Significantly better knowledge was demonstrated by medical students. Some efforts should be made to ensure that young people, who are not associated with medicine are better educated about cervical cancer in order to reduce the overall incidence and improve early detection rates.
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Inflammatory processes are deeply involved in ischemia-reperfusion injuries (IRI) and ventricular remodelling (VR) after a ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). They are associated with clinical adverse events (heart failure and cardiovascular death) adding damage to the myocardium after reperfusion. Moreover, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) induces a local sympathetic denervation leading to electrical instability and arrythmia. ⋯ The main secondary end points will be basic ECG parameters (QRS duration, corrected QT) and HRV parameters from a 24 hour-recording Holter at 1- and 6-months follow-up. Results from this study will contribute to a better understanding of the cardioprotective effect of colchicine after AMI. The present study describes the rationale, design, and methods of the trial.
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The objective of this review is to describe the effectiveness of laparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS). PCS is a cause of chronic pelvic pain (CPP) and is associated with dysfunction of the pelvic venous system. PCS is more common in women of reproductive age, and hormonal changes are associated with its development along with other reasons (e.g., working and living habits). ⋯ We also compare the methods to propose the most promising technique for providing a diagnosis with high accuracy. In our understanding, laparoscopy is superior when compared to other methods. It can provide a diagnosis of PCS while excluding or identifying other comorbidities and can also lead toward the next steps for the treatment of PCS.