Medicina
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Background and Objectives: Persistent high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) can cause cancers in the cervix, vulva, vagina, anus, penis, and oropharynx. A lack of knowledge about HPV can lead to vaccine hesitancy, which is detrimental to combating HPV-related diseases. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an HPV educational intervention to enhance university students' awareness of HPV. ⋯ After the educational intervention, significant improvements in HPV knowledge were observed in all items (p-values < 0.0001) and across all demographic groups. Misconceptions about HPV were corrected, and the overall knowledge score increased from 29.3% to 82.0%. Conclusions: Our results suggest that similar interventions could benefit other populations in the kingdom, potentially increasing vaccination rates.
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Background and objectives: The frontal QRS-T angle is a novel parameter of myocardial repolarization. Weight gain during pregnancy and physiological changes during a cesarian section may affect the frontal QRS-T angle. We aimed to assess the effect of body mass index (BMI) on the frontal QRS-T angle in pregnant women undergoing cesarean section with spinal anesthesia. ⋯ Conclusions: The frontal QRS-T angle and QTc interval were importantly increased in pregnant women with a BMI ≥ 30 than in pregnant women with a BMI < 30. Also, after cesarean section operation with spinal anesthesia, the frontal QRS-T angle and QTc were increased significantly in the BMI ≥ 30 group, whereas no significant change was observed in the BMI < 30 group. Therefore, it is suggested to perform close post-operative monitoring in pregnant women with a BMI ≥ 30 undergoing cesarean section with spinal anesthesia.
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This article highlights a case of high-dose ferric carboxymaltose (Ferinject®) for the treatment of perioperative iron deficiency anaemia in a 39-year-old patient with dysplastic coxarthrosis. The patient was admitted routinely for a total hip replacement of the left hip joint. She had been suffering from pain, lameness, and restriction of movement in her left hip joint for the past several years. ⋯ The uniqueness of this case report is that a high dose of ferric carboxymaltose (1340 mg) during the preoperative period was applied. No side effects such as hypophosphatemia were reported. We believe that, in this clinical case, the patient managed to avoid large intraoperative blood loss and transfusions by using high doses of ferric carboxymaltose.
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Background and Objectives: The predicted serum concentrations of vancomycin are determined using population pharmacokinetic parameters. However, the accuracy of predicting vancomycin serum concentrations in the older population remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the accuracy of predicting vancomycin serum concentrations and identifying elements that diminish the prediction accuracy in older people. ⋯ The group with a history of intensive care unit (ICU) admission showed the largest values for the ME and MAE. Conclusions: Our prediction accuracy was satisfactory but tended to be lower in underweight patients, those with low creatinine levels, and patients admitted to the ICU. Patients with multiple of these factors may experience a greater degree of decreased predictive accuracy.
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Background and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the potential chemopreventive effect of antidiabetic medications, specifically metformin and pioglitazone, on lung cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Additionally, the potential dose-response relationship for metformin use was analyzed. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study utilizing comprehensive national health insurance and cancer registry databases to gather a large cohort of T2DM patients. ⋯ The risk reduction increased with higher cumulative metformin doses: a metformin cumulative dose between 1,370,000 and 2,976,000 had an HR of 0.61 (95% CI [0.49-0.75], p < 0.001) vs. cumulative metformin dose >2,976,000 which had an HR of 0.35 (95% CI [0.21-0.59], p < 0.001). No significant association between pioglitazone use and the risk of lung cancer was found (HR = 1.00, 95% CI [0.25-4.02]). Conclusions: This study shows that metformin may have a dose-dependent chemopreventive effect against lung cancer in T2DM, while the impact of pioglitazone remains unclear and requires further investigation.