Medicina
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Background and objectives: The carcinogenicity of coal tar pitch (CTP) to occupational workers has been confirmed by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, especially for lung cancer. Herein, we explored the dynamic changes of epigenetic modifications in the malignant transformation process of CTP-induced BEAS-2B cells and also provided clues for screening early biomarkers of CTP-associated occupational lung cancer. Methods: BEAS-2B cells treated with 3.0 μg/mL CTP extract (CTPE) were cultured to the 30th passage to set up a malignant transformation model, which was confirmed by platelet clone formation assay and xenograft assay. ⋯ The mRNA levels of DNMT1, DNMT3a and HDAC1 as well as the expression of DNMT1 protein were up-regulated since the 10th passage. From the 20th passage, the transcriptional levels of DNMT3b, let-7a and the expression of DNMT3a, DNMT3b, and HDAC1 proteins were detected to be higher than vehicle control, while the level of miR-21 increased only at the 30th passage. Conclusion: Data in this study indicated that the changes of epigenetic molecules including DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b, HDAC1, and let-7a occurred at the early stages of BEAS-2B cell malignant transformation after CTPE exposure, which provided critical information for screening early biomarkers of CTP-associated occupational lung cancer.
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Review Case Reports
Chronic Intradiploic Organizing Hematoma of the Skull Mimicking Calvarial Tumor Diagnosed Using Zero TE MRI: A Case Report and Review of Literature.
Chronic intradiploic organizing hematoma of the skull is a rare lesion that usually presents as a progressively growing mass after head trauma, thus making it difficult to diagnose. To date, only nine cases that have been histopathologically confirmed as organizing hematoma of the skull have been reported in the literature. ⋯ In this case report, we emphasize that chronic intradiploic organizing hematoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a palpable scalp mass. We also highlight the importance of meticulous radiological review in the context of appropriate clinical suspicion and the usefulness of the zero TE sequence in evaluating calvarial lesions.
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Review Case Reports
Low-Dose Pre-Operative Botulinum Toxin A Effectively Facilitates Complex Ventral Hernia Repair: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Background: Complex ventral hernias following laparotomy present a unique challenge in that repair is hindered by the lateral tension of the abdominal wall. A novel approach to overcome this is the "chemical component separation" technique. Here, botulinum toxin A (BTA) is instilled into the muscles of the abdominal wall. ⋯ Conclusion: Low-dose BTA effectively facilitates the surgical management of large ventral incisional hernias. There is, however, significant variation in the dosage, concentration and anatomical landmarks in which BTA is administered as described in the literature. Further studies are needed to assess and optimise these variables.
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Multiple myeloma is an incurable malignant tumor of plasma cells of the bone marrow; most patients present a disseminated disease with important bone involvement. Even though a chemotherapy-based approach is the major treatment, radiotherapy often has a supportive role for symptom relief but also a radical role for patients with indolent disease or localized forms. In both cases imaging is the basis for treatment planning and for correct patient classification. This paper aims to describe and summarize how radiation oncologists could use imaging information to personalize the treatment for each patient.
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FGF-23 and Phosphate in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study in Kazakhstan.
Background and objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children is a complex medical and social issue around the world. One of the serious complications is mineral-bone disorder (CKD-MBD) which might determine the prognosis of patients and their quality of life. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) is a phosphaturic hormone which is involved in the pathogenesis of CKD-MBD. ⋯ The serum phosphate increased more slowly and only 70.6% of children with CKD stage 5 had the increased values. The PTH increase was more dynamic. Conclusions: FGF-23 is an essential biomarker, elevates long before other markers of bone metabolism (phosphate), and might represent a clinical course of disease.