Medicina
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparison of the Effects of Sugammadex Recommended Dose (2 mg/kg) and Fixed Dose of 200 mg on the Reversal of Moderate Neuromuscular Block and Recovery Profile in Adult Patients.
Background and Objectives: Neuromuscular blocking agents are essential to ensure optimal surgical conditions during general anesthesia. Sugammadex, a selective binding agent, is widely used to reverse neuromuscular blockade. While weight-based dosing (2 mg/kg for moderate blockade) is recommended, many clinicians administer a fixed dose of 200 mg in clinical practice, potentially leading to overdosing. ⋯ Adverse events were minimal and comparable between groups. Conclusions: The fixed-dose sugammadex (200 mg) demonstrated similar efficacy and safety to weight-based dosing (2 mg/kg) in reversing moderate neuromuscular blockade. These findings do not allow abandoning the recommendation of adjustment for body weight, particularly in patients with low body weight or comorbidities.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The Role of Butirprost® as an Adjuvant in Enhancing the Effect of Antibiotics in Patients Affected by Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis: A Randomized Prospective Trial.
Bacterial prostatitis (BP) is a common prostatic infection characterized by pain and urinary symptoms, often with negative bacterial cultures from prostatic secretions. It affects young and older men bimodally and impacts quality of life (QoL) significantly. Background and Objectives: Treatment typically involves antibiotics, but a multimodal approach with additional nutraceuticals may enhance outcomes. ⋯ Results: Out of 60 patients (Group A: 30, Group B: 30), Group A showed significant improvement in IPSS and NIH-CPSI scores at 15 and 30 days compared to Group B. Notable improvements were observed in pain, urinary symptoms, and QoL. Conclusions: The administration of Butirprost® along with fluoroquinolones resulted in a significant improvement in pain, urinary symptoms, and quality of life along with improvements in both IPSS and NIH-CPSI scores, in patients affected by chronic bacterial prostatitis compared with fluoroquinolones alone.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Probiotic Therapy as an Adjuvant in the Treatment of Periodontal Disease: An Innovative Approach.
Background and Objectives: Periodontal inflammation, often linked to oral microbiota dysbiosis dominated by pathogenic bacteria, remains a significant challenge in periodontitis management. Traditional periodontal therapies primarily reduce the bacterial load but fail to restore the microbiota balance. Probiotics offer a promising therapeutic adjunct with their ability to enhance beneficial bacteria. ⋯ Results: Probiotic therapy (Group A) significantly reduced the pathogenic bacteria and increased the beneficial bacteria levels compared to the placebo (p < 0.01). Inflammatory markers decreased by 37% (IL-1β) and 42% (TNF-α), while clinical parameters improved, with reductions in the gingival and bleeding indices (-1.5, -1.3) and a 2 mm decrease in the periodontal pocket depth (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Probiotics, as an adjunct to periodontal therapy, effectively restore the microbiota balance, reduce inflammation, and improve clinical outcomes in periodontitis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparison of Renal Tubular Damage with Kidney Injury Molecule-1 in Open and Laparoscopic Colorectal Cancer Surgery.
Background and Objectives: Colorectal cancer is the third most common type of cancer in men and women. With advancements in technology, minimally invasive treatment options have become increasingly prominent in colorectal cancer surgery. This study aimed to compare the increased intra-abdominal pressure in laparoscopic colon and rectal surgery with open procedures using kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) secreted from renal tubules. ⋯ Results: The urinary KIM-1/Cr levels increased at the 4th postoperative hour after the open and laparoscopic procedures. On postoperative day 14, the urinary KIM-1/Cr levels were lower than those in the preoperative period in all groups, except the LAR group. Conclusions: Our study shown that the average pressure in laparoscopic colon and rectal surgery did not have a long-term impact on kidney injury in comparison to open colon and rectal surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Endothelial Dysfunction.
Background and Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MS) represents several diseases encompassing a heterogeneous group of biochemical and physiological abnormalities characterized by structural and functional alterations in the myocardium, including the endothelium of the coronary arteries. MS also affects a substantial portion of the global population. Understanding the risk factors, the development and treatment associated with MS are of paramount importance for early identification, treatment and prevention. ⋯ The augmentation index changed from 14.66 ± 19.55 to 9.21 ± 15.64 after the treatment (p = 0.003) with n-3 PUFA. The results also revealed a statistically significant decrease in apolipoprotein B (0.94 ± 0.36 vs. 1.13 ± 0.35, p = 0.001) and homocysteine (19.31 ± 5.29 vs. 13.78 ± 3.05, p = 0.001) and an increase in glutathione peroxidase plasma levels (41.65 ± 8.90 vs. 45.20 ± 8.01), p = 0.001. Conclusions: The results of this prospective study showed a significant improvement in EF in subjects with MS treated with n-3 PUFAs in a dose of 2.4 g daily.