Neurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society
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Neurogastroenterol. Motil. · Nov 2013
ReviewNon-celiac gluten sensitivity: clinical relevance and recommendations for future research.
There has been increasing interest in the entity of Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS) in recent years; however, it still remains a controversial topic and its pathogenesis is not well understood. Celiac Disease, in contrast, is a well-studied condition that has become increasingly recognized as a prevalent condition arising from a heightened immunological response to gluten. Wheat allergy is an IgE-mediated condition capable of causing a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms. However, the number of patients who have neither celiac disease nor wheat allergy, but appear to derive benefit from a gluten-free diet, is also increasing substantially. The use of the term NCGS as a way of describing this condition has become increasingly prevalent in recent years. ⋯ In this review, we will focus on gastrointestinal manifestations of NCGS and discuss the evidence for the condition and its putative pathogenesis. We will discuss areas of controversy and areas for potential future research.
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Neurogastroenterol. Motil. · Nov 2013
Peripheral contribution of NGF and ASIC1a to colonic hypersensitivity in a rat model of irritable bowel syndrome.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder associated with idiopathic colonic hypersensitivity (CHS). However, recent studies suggest that low-grade inflammation could underlie CHS in IBS. The pro-inflammatory mediator nerve growth factor (NGF) plays a key role in the sensitization of peripheral pain pathways and several studies have reported its contribution to visceral pain development. NGF modulates the expression of Acid-Sensing Ion Channels (ASICs), which are proton sensors involved in sensory neurons sensitization. This study examined the peripheral contribution of NGF and ASICs to IBS-like CHS induced by butyrate enemas in the rat colon. ⋯ Our data suggest that peripheral NGF and ASIC1a concomitantly contribute to the development of butyrate-induced CHS NGF-ASIC1a interplay may have a pivotal role in the sensitization of colonic sensory neurons and as such, could be considered as a potential new therapeutic target for IBS treatment.