JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Apr 2023
Mean Serum Lactate Levels in Patients with Sepsis Presenting to the Department of Emergency Medicine of a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Serum lactate is useful in predicting the prognosis of critically ill patients. Elevated blood lactate levels as well as delayed clearance have been linked to higher mortality in sepsis. Shock index is a simple and effective bedside assessment means of gauging the degree of shock and is an important predictor of identifying high-risk patients. Monitoring lactate levels may aid clinicians in understanding tissue perfusion and detecting unrecognized shock and making prompt therapy adjustments. This study aimed to find out the mean serum lactate levels in patients with sepsis presenting to the Department of Emergency Medicine of a tertiary care centre. ⋯ emergencies; lactate; sepsis.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Apr 2023
Road Traffic Accidents among Patients Visiting Department of Emergency of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Road Traffic Accidents, are one of the major neglected global health burdens which are predicted to be the 7th leading cause of global deaths by 2030 as per the World Health Organization hence, seem to be one of the major global threats in near future. Most road traffic accidents affect the most vulnerable age groups in developing countries. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of road traffic accidents among patients visiting the Department of Emergency of a tertiary care centre. ⋯ emergencies; prevalence; traffic accidents.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Apr 2023
Hypothyroidism among Type 2 Diabetic Patients Visiting Outpatient Department of Internal Medicine of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Diabetes-thyroid relationship is said to be bidirectional. Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus increase free thyroxine but decrease free tri-iodothyronine and thyroid-releasing hormone synthesis. Thyroid dysfunction may in turn impose an adverse effect on glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Undetected thyroid dysfunction can worsen glycemic control and predispose type 2 diabetes mellitus patients to cardiovascular and other diabetes-related complications. Recognition and timely treatment of thyroid dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients can delay diabetic complications. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of hypothyroidism among type 2 diabetic patients visiting the outpatient Department of Internal Medicine of a tertiary care centre. ⋯ chronic kidney disease; thyroid stimulating hormone; thyroxine; triiodothyronine.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Apr 2023
Polycythemia among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Admitted to the Department of Medicine in a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a preventable and treatable disease marked by persistent airflow limitation. Abnormal rise of haemoglobin and/or hematocrit in peripheral blood is known as polycythemia which includes increased haemoglobin: greater than 16.5 g/dl in men or greater than 16.0 g/dl in women and increased hematocrit: >49% for men and >48% for women. Men, current smoking, impaired carbon monoxide diffusing capacity, severe hypoxemia, and high altitude living are risk factors associated with an increased risk for secondary polycythemia. Polycythemia contributes to the development of cor-pulmonale and pulmonary hypertension, which are linked to poor prognosis. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of polycythemia among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admitted to the department of medicine in a tertiary care centre. ⋯ chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; polycythemia; prevalence.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Apr 2023
Gynaecoid Pelvis among Female Patients Attending Department of Radiology of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
The bony pelvis consists of the two hip bones, the sacrum and the coccyx. The bony pelvis is divided into the greater pelvis and the lesser pelvis. The junction between the greater and the lesser pelvis is the pelvic inlet. The transverse and anteroposterior dimensions of the pelvic inlet will classify the pelvis as the anthropoid, gynaecoid, android, and platypelloid pelvis. Knowledge of female pelvis type is important for obstetricians to know the process of labour which can decrease the morbidity and mortality of mothers and neonates. Thus, the aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of gynaecoid pelvis among female patients attending the Department of Radiology of a tertiary care centre. ⋯ female; pelvis; radiology.