JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Jun 2022
Case ReportsDiaphragmatic Hernia in a Preterm with Congenital Heart Defects with Successful Outcome: A Case Report.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is an anatomical defect of the diaphragm that is often associated with serious cardiopulmonary complications. It can also be associated with many other problems like multi systemic anomalies, chromosomal aneuploidy and prematurity. Of these, cardiac defects, liver herniation and prematurity seem to have a pivotal role in affecting the outcomes of repair. We hereby present a preterm newborn with such multiple defects repaired on 15th day of life and post operatively managed in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit with a successful outcome. The key learning objective for our team in this case was to identify the steps taken that led to a successful management of a low birth weight preemie with multiple defects in a resource limited set up. ⋯ congenital diaphragmatic hernia; preterm; surgical repair; ventricular septal defect.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Jun 2022
Case ReportsNulligravida with Large Uterine Leiomyoma: A Case Report.
Uterine leiomyoma is the most common benign tumour of the female reproductive tract originating from the uterine smooth muscle causing morbidity and impairing their quality of life. It is common among women in the age group 30 to 50 years of age. Women are usually asymptomatic or may present with various symptoms such as abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and change in bowel and bladder habits due to pressure symptoms. It is one of the leading causes of hysterectomy. Women with uterine leiomyoma can be managed medically and surgically. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue is one of the modalities used preoperatively to reduce the size of large uterine fibroid. We present the case report of a 36-year-old nulligravida who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingectomy for large uterine leiomyoma weighing 5.61 kg without compression symptoms. She received a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (injection leuprolide) preoperatively for reduction of the size of uterine myoma. ⋯ case reports; gonadotropin-releasing hormone; hysterectomy; leiomyoma.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Jun 2022
Oval Type of Human Mandibular Condyle in Panoramic Radiographs of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Mandibular condyle is a prominent structure in the mandible, which forms the temporomandibular joint. An oval-shaped condyle is considered to be present with a normal temporomandibular joint and any morphological variation of the condyle is assumed to be pathologic in temporomandibular disorders. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of oval shaped mandibular condyle among orthopantomogram radiographs of patients visiting the tertiary care centre. ⋯ condyle; mandible; Nepal; X-ray.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Jun 2022
Congenital Hypothyroidism among Infants Undergoing Thyroid Function Test in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Congenital hypothyroidism is the most preventable and treatable cause of mental retardation in newborns and infants. Screening for congenital hypothyroidism in newborns and infants is not a routine practice in our part of the world. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism among infants undergoing thyroid function test in a tertiary care centre. ⋯ congenital hypothyroidism; Nepal; newborn screening; prevalence.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Jun 2022
Antibiotics Use among Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the Department of Internal Medicine of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a life-threatening condition triggered by infections or non-infectious agents. Antibiotics use in such cases prevents severe deterioration and treatment failure. Past studies have shown inappropriate use of antibiotics in different health care settings. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of antibiotics use in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the Department of Internal Medicine of a tertiary care centre. ⋯ anti-bacterial agents; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; guideline adherence.