Academic radiology
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Dedicated breast computed tomography (DBCT) is an emerging and promising modality for breast lesions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of applying the BI-RADS Mammography Atlas 5th Edition for reporting and assessing breast lesions on DBCT. Currently, no atlas exists for DBCT. ⋯ The use of the BI-RADS Mammography Atlas 5th Edition for DBCT showed high performance and good agreement among readers.
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This study aimed to evaluate the potential role of computed tomography texture analysis (CTTA) of arterial and portal-venous enhancement phase image data for prediction and accurate assessment of response of hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) by comparison to liver perfusion CT (PCT). ⋯ Significant correlations exist between CTTA parameters and those derived from PCT both in the pre- and the post-TACE settings, and some of them have predictive value for TACE midterm outcome.
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Comparative Study
Pulmonary 3He Magnetic Resonance Imaging Biomarkers of Regional Airspace Enlargement in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency.
Thoracic x-ray computed tomography (CT) and hyperpolarized 3He magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provide quantitative measurements of airspace enlargement in patients with emphysema. For patients with panlobular emphysema due to alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), sensitive biomarkers of disease progression and response to therapy have been difficult to develop and exploit, especially those biomarkers that correlate with outcomes like quality of life. Here, our objective was to generate and compare CT and diffusion-weighted inhaled-gas MRI measurements of emphysema including apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and MRI-derived mean linear intercept (Lm) in patients with AATD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) ex-smokers, and elderly never-smokers. ⋯ In this proof-of-concept demonstration, we evaluated CT and MRI lung emphysema measurements and observed significantly worse MRI biomarkers of emphysema in patients with AATD compared to patients with COPD, although CT RA950 and diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide were not significantly different, underscoring the sensitivity of MRI measurements of AATD emphysema.
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Presurgical assessment of fatty degeneration is important in the management of patients with rotator cuff tears. The Goutallier classification is widely accepted as a qualitative scoring system, although it is highly observer-dependent and has poor reproducibility. The objective of this study was to quantify fatty degeneration of the supraspinatus muscle using a 2-point Dixon technique in patients with rotator cuff tears by multiple readers, and to evaluate the reproducibility compared to Goutallier classification. ⋯ Fat quantification in the rotator cuff muscles using a 2-point Dixon technique at 3.0-T MRI is highly reproducible and clinically feasible in comparison to the qualitative evaluation using Goutallier classification.
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The objective of this study was to quantify the impact of different rounding methods on size measurements of pulmonary nodules and to determine the number of nodules that change management categories as a result of rounding. ⋯ Rounding methods have a small absolute but statically significant effect on nodule size, impacting management category in less than 3% of the nodules. This suggests that, in clinical practice, any rounding method can be used for determining nodule size without substantially biasing individual nodules toward given management categories.