European journal of emergency medicine : official journal of the European Society for Emergency Medicine
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A 55-year-old man developed acute respiratory failure, pulmonary hypertension and left heart failure due to acute myocardial infarction. Nitric oxide (NO) inhalation improved arterial oxygenation, decreased pulmonary arterial pressure and increased cardiac output (CO), but combined use of dobutamine with NO produced increases in pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP). In this patient, amrinone decreased pulmonary arterial pressure and PCWP, and increased PaO2/FiO2 effectively while increasing CO. Combined use of inhaled NO and intravenous amrinone may have beneficial effects for a patient with acute respiratory and cardiac failure.
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The medical aspects of disaster management, also referred to as disaster medicine, is a relatively new medical specialty, the roots of which are to be found in war surgery and traumatology. The main content of disaster medicine is based on empiricism. ⋯ This modelling of medical disaster management is important not only in the preparedness phase, but also during the disaster itself and its evaluation. This may in turn result in a decrease in mortality, morbidity and disability amongst disaster casualties.
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Hypothermia is an important threat in trauma patients. The prevention of accidental hypothermia requires a thermal steady state. ⋯ To simulate possible strategies to prevent hypothermia in the trauma patient the mathematical solution needs to be extended to describe situations where steady state does not exist. From these simulations it can be concluded that infusion heating devices are mandatory in patients with high fluid requirements.
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The objective of this study was to assess patients' attitudes towards medical students in the accident and emergency department. Patients attending a university department of accident and emergency were given a questionnaire asking about their attitudes to medical students. ⋯ No patients reported feeling pressurized to accept this proposal. It is concluded that most patients attending the emergency department had favourable attitudes towards medical students.
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The aim of this study was to determine and identify the factors associated with shortening or lengthening time interval from stroke onset to performance of computed tomography (CT) scan in stroke patients admitted to three French emergency departments. All suspected stroke patients were eligible (n = 317). The time intervals between stroke onset and presentation to the emergency department and between CT scan request and CT scan performance were determined. ⋯ It is concluded that current delays in stroke management are often incompatible with early treatment. The public needs to be informed and admission procedures reorganized. Improved response to the urgency of ischaemic stroke is required as well as direct access to the scanner during periods of scheduled use.