Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research
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Clinical Trial
Evaluation of thiol-disulfide homeostasis and oxidative stress parameters in newborns receiving phototherapy.
The aim of our study was to evaluate oxidative stress and thiol-disulfide homeostasis in term newborns receiving phototherapy. The study was planned as a single-blind, intervention study in a single center with level 3 neonatal intensive care unit to investigate the effect of phototherapy on the oxidative system in term newborns with hyperbilirubinemia. Neonates with hyperbilirubinemia were treated with total body exposure phototherapy technique for 18 h using a Novos® device. ⋯ We also determined significantly the lower bilirubin levels after phototherapy (p < 0.001). In conclusion, we found that phototherapy treatment induced decreased oxidative stress associated with hyperbilirubinemia in neonates. Thiol-disulfide homeostasis can be used as a marker of oxidative stress due to hyperbilirubinemia in the early period.
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Exposure to pesticides has been linked to an elevated risk of leukemia. The present research aimed to evaluate the relationship between organochlorine (OC) pesticides and biomarkers of oxidative stress in leukemia patients. This work was conducted on 109 patients with leukemia and 109 healthy controls. ⋯ In contrast, MDA, NO, and PC concentrations were higher in leukemia patients than in the controls (p < 0.05). Moreover, the serum level of 4,4-DDE was negatively associated with GPx activity (p = 0.038). Our findings suggest that OCs may play a role in the development of leukemia by disrupting the oxidant/antioxidant balance.
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Sleep, accounting for roughly one-third of a person's life, plays an important role in human health. Despite the close association between sleep patterns and medical diseases proven by several studies, it has been neglected in recent years. Presently, all societies are facing the most challenging health-threatening disease, cancer. ⋯ Previous studies have shown that disruption of the 24-h sleep-wake cycle increases the chance of colorectal cancer, which can be due to exposure to artificial light at night and some complex genetic and hormone-mediated mechanisms. There has also been some evidence showing the possible associations between other aspects of sleep such as sleep duration or some sleep disorders and GI cancer risk. This review brings some information together and presents a detailed discussion of the possible role of sleep patterns in GI malignancy initiation.
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Meta Analysis
Comparison of outcome among type 2 vs type 1 myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
To date, there were limited studies available on myocardial infarction (MI), and consequently, the outcomes of patients with type 1 myocardial infarction (T1MI) compared to type 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI) remained inconclusive. We aimed to compare the outcomes of T1MI and T2MI patients in terms of mortality and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. We performed a systematic literature search on PubMed, Embase, and Scopus for relevant articles from inception until March 20, 2022. 341,049 patients had T1MI, while the remaining 67,537 patients had T2MI. ⋯ There was no significant difference in terms of 30-day mortality (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.25-1.36, p = 0.21), cardiovascular mortality (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.68-1.32, p = 0.74), all-cause readmission (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.62-1.14, p = 0.26), and readmission due to MI (OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.66-2.27, p = 0.53) between both groups. Patients with T1MI had favorable outcomes in terms of mortality and MACE compared to that of T2MI patients. Further studies should aim at determining the optimal management strategy for these high-risk patients for better patient outcomes.
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Diabetes is an endocrine disorder which is known by abnormal high blood glucose levels. There are two main categories of diabetes: type I (10%-15%) and type II (85%-90%). Although type II is more common, type I is the most common form in children. ⋯ For writing this manuscript, we made a list of relevant keywords including diabetes, DR, pathophysiology, ultrawide field imaging, fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography, and optical coherence tomography-angiography, and then we started searching for studies in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. This review article covers the pathophysiology of DR and medical imaging techniques to monitor DR. First, we introduce DR and its pathophysiology and then we present the medical imaging techniques to monitor it.