Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research
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Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) is a reliable surrogate marker of insulin resistance, associated with morbidity and prognosis of cardiovascular disease. However, its predictive value for cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic total occlusion (CTO) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not been studied. Here, we retrospectively enrolled 681 patients with T2DM and CTO after PCI. ⋯ The addition of TyG to a baseline risk model had an incremental effect on the predictive value for the primary end point (area under the curve: TyG index vs baseline model, 0.693 vs 0.663, comparison p = 0.040; integrated discrimination improvement = 0.049, p = 0.020). The TyG index might be a predictor of adverse cardiovascular events. Moreover, adding the TyG index into a baseline risk model had a cumulative effect on the predictive potential for the primary end point.
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Sleep apnea (SA) is highly prevalent in the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) population. However, the impact of SA on mortality in ESRD is unclear. This study investigates the relationship between SA and mortality in ESRD. ⋯ Other variables associated with increased mortality included age, dialysis initiation with a catheter or graft, alcohol use, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Factors associated with decreased mortality included female sex, black race, Hispanic ethnicity, diagnosis of heart failure or diabetes, and an ESRD etiology of glomerulonephritis or polycystic kidney disease. Since a diagnosis of either OSA or CSA increases mortality risk, early identification of SA and therapy in this ESRD population may improve survival.
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and has caused significant mortality and morbidity since it was first recognized in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Patients may suffer from a constellation of symptoms termed post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). Here we present findings of a retrospective cohort study describing the prevalence and predicting factors of patient-reported post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). ⋯ The most frequently reported PASC symptoms include fatigue (84.8%), dyspnea (54.5%), cognitive dysfunction (53%), myalgias (37.1%), lightheadedness or vertigo (36.4%), chest pain (34.8%), palpitations (34.8%), headaches (34.1%), arthralgias (31.8%), and unrefreshing sleep (31.1%). There is mounting evidence that supports higher prevalence of PASC in women, White/Caucasian, and middle-aged individuals. This knowledge can provide guidance to clinical practices to anticipate and support healthcare and self-care needs for patients at higher risk to developing PASC.
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To investigate the effect of genetic variations in the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), interferon (IFNG) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) genes on the severity of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Between September and December 2021, 33 patients with COVID-19 were included in this prospective study. The patients were classified and compared according to disease severity: mild&moderate (n = 26) vs severe&critical (n = 7). ⋯ The following variants were observed more frequently in the mild&moderate group: c.582C>T, c.3836G>A, c.511+66A>G, c.1488-58T>C, c.3281+25C>T, c.1710-90G>C, c.2193A> G, c.3387T>C for ACE; c.115-3delT for IFNG; and c.27C>T for TNF. It can be expected that patients carrying the ACE gene c.418-70C>G variant may present with a mild clinical manifestation of COVID-19. Several genetic polymorphisms may be associated with pathophysiology, as they appear to help predict COVID-19 severity and enable early identification of the patients requiring aggressive treatment.