Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research
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Atherosclerosis, a major cause of cardiovascular diseases, is characterized by the accumulation of oxidized lipoproteins (ox-LDL) within arterial walls, leading to inflammation and plaque formation. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and vascular protective properties, but its role in modulating macrophage endocytosis of ox-LDL and its impact on early atherosclerosis development remains unclear. Macrophage cultures were utilized for ox-LDL uptake experiments. ⋯ Furthermore, H2S down-regulated ox-LDL receptors CD36 and SR-A through the NF-κB signal pathway. H2S inhibits early atherosclerosis development by modulating macrophage uptake of ox-LDL through the down-regulation of CD36 and SR-A receptors via the NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings provide new evidence for the role of H2S in atherosclerosis and its potential therapeutic value.
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
EXPRESS: Dual Versus Triple Antithrombotic Therapy in Atrial Fibrillation and Acute Coronary Syndrome: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Antithrombotic treatment in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) poses a dilemma. We compared outcomes of dual antithrombotic therapy (DAT) (direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs)/warfarin + antiplatelets) vs triple antithrombotic therapy (TAT) (DOACs/warfarin, aspirin, and P2Y12 inhibitor) in this population. Multiple databases were searched from inception to December 17, 2023 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing DAT vs TAT in patients with AF and ACS. ⋯ No difference was seen in the occurrence of MACE, MI, stroke, or stent thrombosis between DAT and TAT across all three durations of TAT. This is the largest pooled analysis comparing TAT to DAT stratified by the duration of antithrombotic therapy. Our results revealed that DAT was associated with reduced bleeding risk despite no difference in other outcomes.
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Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired clonal hematopoietic stem cell disease. Clinical manifestations include intravascular hemolysis, renal dysfunction, fatigue, jaundice, pulmonary hypertension, and so on. Renal injury, as a clinical feature of PNH, is difficult to diagnose and is one of the causes of death in patients with PNH. This article reviews the progress in research on PNH combined with renal injury to improve clinicians' understanding of renal injury in PNH patients, define and judge staging in a timely and accurate manner, enable patients to receive timely and appropriate treatment and reduce mortality.
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Previously, many studies have reported changes in the gut microbiota of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). While CRC is a well-described disease, the relationship between its development and features of the intestinal microbiome is still being understood. ⋯ In this review we highlight various aspects of our understanding of the relationship between the development of CRC and the alteration of intestinal microbiome, focusing specifically on the role of F. nucleatum. As the amount of F. nucleatum DNA in CRC tissue is associated with shorter survival, it may potentially serve as a prognostic biomarker, and most importantly may open the door for a role in CRC treatment.