Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Jan 1999
Intraosseous lines in preterm and full term neonates.
To evaluate the use of intraosseous lines for rapid vascular access in primary resuscitation of preterm and full term neonates. ⋯ Intraosseous infusion is quick, safe, and effective in compromised neonates.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Jan 1999
Meta AnalysisMeta-analysis of elective high frequency ventilation in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome.
To summarise the evidence on the efficacy of elective high frequency ventilation compared with conventional ventilation in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome. ⋯ Although high frequency ventilation reduces chronic lung disease, it seems to increase the risk of severe IVH. These results are dominated by an early study where the absence of benefit on pulmonary outcomes, and the increase in adverse neurological events, could be related to the low volume ventilatory strategy used. Recent studies, using a high lung volume approach, show better pulmonary outcomes without any increase in intracranial morbidity. Still, uncertainty remains about long term pulmonary and neurodevelopmental outcome.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Jan 1999
Prostacyclin concentrations and transitional circulation in preterm infants requiring mechanical ventilation.
To describe the association between early postnatal prostacyclin concentrations in preterm infants; echocardiographic measurements of ductal diameter and ventricular output and clinical outcomes of intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). ⋯ Early postnatal prostacyclin concentrations are markedly raised in preterm infants, particularly in those with more severe lung disease. Raised 6KPGF1 alpha concentrations were associated with an increased ductal diameter and subsequent PDA, but not IVH.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Jan 1999
Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of rectally administered paracetamol in preterm neonates.
To investigate the pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and dose-response relation of a single rectal dose of paracetamol in preterm infants in two different age groups. ⋯ A 20 mg/kg single dose of paracetamol can be safely given to preterm infants in whom sulphation is the major pathway of excretion. Multiple doses in 28-32 week old neonates would require an interval of more than 8 hours to prevent progressively increasing serum concentrations.