Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Sep 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialVenepuncture is preferable to heel lance for blood sampling in term neonates.
The analgesic effect of oral sucrose in newborn infants undergoing painful procedures is generally accepted. For blood sampling, some studies have shown that venepuncture (VP) is less painful than heel lance (HL). ⋯ VP is less painful and more effective than HL for blood sampling in newborn infants. Although oral sucrose may have an additive analgesic effect, it is not necessarily required if VP is used for blood sampling.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Sep 2005
Multicenter StudyNeuropsychological and educational problems at school age associated with neonatal encephalopathy.
Adverse cognitive and educational outcomes are often ascribed to perinatal hypoxia without good evidence. ⋯ After neonatal encephalopathy, subtle cognitive impairments are found in the absence of neuromotor impairment. Subtle impairments are found more commonly after a more severe clinical course. Studies of brain protection strategies require long term follow up to study effects on cognitive outcome.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Sep 2005
Comparative StudyNeonatal resuscitation 2: an evaluation of manual ventilation devices and face masks.
The key to successful neonatal resuscitation is effective ventilation. Little evidence exists to guide clinicians in their choice of manual ventilation device or face mask. The expiratory tidal volume measured at the mask (V(TE(mask))) is a good estimate of the tidal volume delivered during simulated neonatal resuscitation. ⋯ During face mask ventilation of a neonatal resuscitation mannequin, there are large leaks around the face mask. Airway pressure is a poor proxy for volume delivered during positive pressure ventilation through a mask.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Sep 2005
Comparative StudySeverity of the ductal shunt: a comparison of different markers.
When the ductus arteriosus (DA) is patent, the ductal shunt is proportional to the ratio of left ventricular output (LVO) to systemic blood flow. Systemic blood flow can be estimated by measuring flow in the superior vena cava (SVC). ⋯ This study indicates that LA/Ao ratio, DA diameter, and mean and end diastolic flow velocity of the LPA are accurate markers of PDA. These standard echocardiographic variables are easy to measure and need less skill and resources than direct measurements of ductal shunt.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Sep 2005
Neonatal resuscitation 1: a model to measure inspired and expired tidal volumes and assess leakage at the face mask.
Neonatal resuscitation is a common and important intervention, and adequate ventilation is the key to success. In the delivery room, positive pressure ventilation is given with manual ventilation devices using face masks. Mannequins are widely used to teach and practise this technique. During both simulated and real neonatal resuscitation, chest excursion is used to assess tidal volume delivery, and leakage from the mask is not measured. ⋯ This system can be used to assess the effectiveness of positive pressure ventilation given using a face mask during simulated neonatal resuscitation. It could be useful for teaching neonatal resuscitation and assessing ventilation through a face mask.