Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Sep 2011
Oxygen saturation profile in healthy preterm infants.
To establish a reference range for oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) in well preterm infants to guide home oxygen therapy using a pulse oximeter and Pulse Oximetry Data Analysis Software (PODS). ⋯ The SpO(2) reference range can be used as an easy and practical guide to compare SpO(2) profiles of infants on home oxygen therapy and guide their oxygen therapy.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Sep 2011
Predictors of early nasal CPAP failure and effects of various intubation criteria on the rate of mechanical ventilation in preterm infants of <29 weeks gestational age.
Delivery room management using early nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) may delay surfactant therapy. ⋯ Medical history or initial blood gas values are poor predictors of subsequent nCPAP failure. A threshold FiO(2) of ≥0.35-0.45 compared to ≥0.6 for intubation would shorten the time to surfactant delivery without a relevant increase in intubation rate. An individualised approach with a trial of early nCPAP and prompt intubation and surfactant treatment at low thresholds may be the best approach in very low birthweight infants.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Sep 2011
Vancomycin prescription in neonates and young infants: toward a simplified dosage.
There is no consensus on vancomycin dosing in newborns and young infants. ⋯ Our pharmacokinetic data and bedside results suggest that a simplified schedule of vancomycin can achieve the targeted drug concentrations in most patients while avoiding secondary renal toxicity. The proposed new dosing scheme should be validated in a drug survey, but due to pharmacokinetic variability, still requires therapeutic drug monitoring.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Jul 2011
Multicenter StudyPolymorphisms of interleukin 18 in the genetics of preterm birth and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Interleukin 18 (IL-18) is an important cytokine and involved in the pathogenesis and genetics of many diseases. The authors studied two different populations of preterm infants to test whether polymorphisms within IL-18 are in association with prematurity itself or with typical pulmonary disease or measurements seen in preterm infants, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, pneumothoraces and application of surfactant, inhalation or mechanical ventilation. ⋯ The authors conclude that IL-18 does not play an important role in the genetics of preterm birth nor in the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and other lung complications in preterm infants. Caution must be taken in the interpretation of the results of genetic association studies performed in one population.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Jul 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialAirway obstruction and gas leak during mask ventilation of preterm infants in the delivery room.
Preterm infants with inadequate breathing receive positive pressure ventilation (PPV) by mask with variable success. The authors examined recordings of PPV given to preterm infants in the delivery room for prevalence of mask leak and airway obstruction. ⋯ Airway obstruction and face-mask leak are common during the first 2 min of PPV. An RFM enables detection of important airway obstruction and mask leak.