Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis
-
J. Thromb. Thrombolysis · Nov 2014
Meta AnalysisThe role of statins in the prevention of contrast induced nephropathy: a meta-analysis of 8 randomized trials.
Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) is a common complication of coronary angiography/angioplasty. Prevention is the key to reduce the incidence of CIN and it begins with appropriate pre-procedural management. Statins have been shown to possess pleiotropic effects (anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic properties) and their effects on CIN were assessed in several studies with conflicting results. ⋯ Benefits were both observed with high-dose short-term statins [OR 95% CI 0.44 (0.30-0.65), p < 0.0001; p het = 0.16] and low-dose statins, [OR 95% CI 0.58 (0.39-0.88), p = 0.010; p het = 0.90]. By meta-regression analysis, no significant relationship was observed between benefits from statin therapy and patient's risk profile (p = 0.26), LDL cholesterol (p = 0.4), contrast volume (p = 0.94) or diabetes rate (p = 0.38). This meta-analysis showed that among patients undergoing coronary angiography/percutaneous intervention the use of short-term statins reduces the incidence of CIN, and therefore is highly recommended even in patients with low LDL-cholesterol levels.
-
J. Thromb. Thrombolysis · Nov 2014
Multicenter StudyDesign of the rivaroxaban for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia study.
Rivaroxaban is an ideal potential candidate for treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) because it is administered orally by fixed dosing, requires no laboratory monitoring and is effective in the treatment of venous and arterial thromboembolism in other settings. The Rivaroxaban for HIT study is a prospective, multicentre, single-arm, cohort study evaluating the incidence of new symptomatic venous and arterial thromboembolism in patients with suspected or confirmed HIT who are treated with rivaroxaban. Methodological challenges faced in the design of this study include heterogeneity of the patient population, differences in the baseline risk of thrombosis and bleeding dependent on whether HIT is confirmed or just suspected, and heterogeneity in laboratory confirmation of HIT. The rationale for how these challenges were addressed and the final design of the Rivaroxaban for HIT study is reviewed.
-
J. Thromb. Thrombolysis · Oct 2014
Platelet factor 4/heparin-particle gel immunoassay (PaGIA) is a weak method for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) evaluation of post cardio-pulmonary bypass surgery patients.
Diagnosis of heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is not always easy, especially when a confirmatory functional test is not available. In most cases the diagnosis relies on the combination of pretest probability and an immunologic test. Among patients post cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery, anti-platelet factor 4/heparin antibodies tend to be high but with low clinical implication. ⋯ The files of 104 single center patients, who had a positive PF4/heparin-PaGIA test, were reviewed. 62% were post CPB and 38% were not. An association between the intensity of positivity of PF4/heparin-PaGIA test and both the 4Ts pretest probability method (p = 0.003) and the incidence of thrombosis (p = 0.02) was found only in the patients who have not undergone CPB surgery, but not in the CPB patients. This study suggests that PF4/heparin-PaGIA is not a reliable method in patients post CPB surgery who are investigated for a possible diagnosis of HIT.
-
J. Thromb. Thrombolysis · Jul 2014
Review Meta AnalysisCangrelor for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: evidence from a meta-analysis of randomized trials.
Cangrelor is a new parenteral adenosine diphosphate P2Y12 receptor inhibitor with rapid, profound and reversible inhibition of platelet activity. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate efficacy and safety of this new agent in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science and CINAHL databases from the inception through April 2013. ⋯ However, cangrelor significantly reduced the risk of ischemia-driven revascularization (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.52-0.98), stent thrombosis (RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.44-0.82) and Q wave MI (RR 0.53, 95% CI 0.30-0.92) without causing extra major bleeding (Thrombolysis in Myocardial infarction criteria) and severe or life-threatening bleeding (Global utilization of streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activator for occluded coronary arteries criteria). Separate analysis against only clopidogrel also showed similar findings except Q wave MI outcome. Use of cangrelor during PCI might reduce the risk of ischemia-driven revascularization and stent thrombosis, without causing extra major bleeding.
-
J. Thromb. Thrombolysis · Jul 2014
Clinical TrialNutri-pharmacogenomics of warfarin anticoagulation therapy: VKORC1 genotype-dependent influence of dietary vitamin K intake.
Warfarin is the most widely prescribed oral anticoagulant, but large interindividual variations exist in the dose required to achieve comparable therapeutic effects. Several clinical and genetic variables have been identified that influence warfarin dosing. However, interactions between genotype and nutrition remain uncertain in terms of dietary vitamin K intake. ⋯ In subjects with a variant VKORC1-1639 G allele, the mean daily warfarin dose was significantly attenuated by low vitamin K intake compared with medium and high intake after adjustment for covariates (3.4 vs. 5.0 vs. 4.0 mg/day, respectively, p = 0.028). No such genotype effects were observed in homozygous patients for the VKORC1-1639 A allele. The results of the present study suggest that the capacity of dietary vitamin K intake to influence warfarin dose requirements during anticoagulation therapy is VKORC1 genotype-dependent, at least in part.